“…4d, two peaks were observed at 457.0 and 463.7 eV. The two peaks at 457.0 eV were due to Ti 2p3/2, and 463.7 eV was due to Ti 2p1/2 14 . This further confirmed the presence of TiO 2 in the NLC/PVA/TiO 2 composite.Figure 4XPS spectra of ( a ) survey spectrum, ( b ) C1s, ( c ) O1s in pure NLC and NLC/PVA/TiO 2 composite, respectively and ( d ) Ti 2p in NLC/PVA/TiO 2 composite.
…”
Nacre, the gold standard for biomimicry, provides an excellent example and guideline for assembling high-performance composites. Inspired by the layered structure and extraordinary strength and toughness of natural nacre, nacre-like nanolignocellulose/poly (vinyl alcohol)/TiO2 composites possessed the similar layered structure of natural nacre were constructed through hot-pressing process. Poly (vinyl alcohol) and TiO2 nanoparticles have been used as nanofillers to improve the mechanical performance and synchronously endow the superior photocatalytic activity of the composites. This research would be provided a promising candidate for the photooxidation of volatile organic compounds also combined with outstanding mechanical property.
“…4d, two peaks were observed at 457.0 and 463.7 eV. The two peaks at 457.0 eV were due to Ti 2p3/2, and 463.7 eV was due to Ti 2p1/2 14 . This further confirmed the presence of TiO 2 in the NLC/PVA/TiO 2 composite.Figure 4XPS spectra of ( a ) survey spectrum, ( b ) C1s, ( c ) O1s in pure NLC and NLC/PVA/TiO 2 composite, respectively and ( d ) Ti 2p in NLC/PVA/TiO 2 composite.
…”
Nacre, the gold standard for biomimicry, provides an excellent example and guideline for assembling high-performance composites. Inspired by the layered structure and extraordinary strength and toughness of natural nacre, nacre-like nanolignocellulose/poly (vinyl alcohol)/TiO2 composites possessed the similar layered structure of natural nacre were constructed through hot-pressing process. Poly (vinyl alcohol) and TiO2 nanoparticles have been used as nanofillers to improve the mechanical performance and synchronously endow the superior photocatalytic activity of the composites. This research would be provided a promising candidate for the photooxidation of volatile organic compounds also combined with outstanding mechanical property.
“…6e). 313 Elsewhere, cellulose acetate membranes were coated with TiO 2 nanoparticles thus forming composite materials able to remove turbidity and color in drinking water in a satisfactory extent. 6e).…”
The interest of the scientific community in the potential applications of inorganic engineered nanoparticles for drinking water treatment is continuously increasing. This review paper is an up to date summary of recent research progress in this field with respect to the removal of heavy metals, microorganisms and organic pollutants. In parallel, a critical investigation on the applicability of developed nanomaterials is attempted, considering the economic viability, environmental safety and sustainability of proposed processes. On this, the manuscript discusses issues like the stability and fate of engineered nanoparticles during and after use whereas it suggests a generalized approach for excluding reliable and comparable results by laboratory experiments.
AbstractThis review summarizes recent research in the field of inorganic engineered nanoparticles development with direct or potential interest for drinking water treatment. The incorporation of engineered nanoparticles in drinking water treatment technologies against the removal of heavy metals, microorganisms and organic pollutants appears as a very dynamic branch of nanotechnology. Nanoparticles owe their potential on the high specific surface area and surface reactivity compared to conventional bulk materials. Depending on the mechanism of uptake, nanoparticles can be designed to establish high selectivity against specific pollutants and provide the required efficiency for application. However, despite early encouraging results, nanoparticles meet a number of limitations to get promoted and become part of large-scale water treatment plants. The most important is their availability in the required large quantities and their efficiency to fulfil the strict regulations for drinking water consumption and environmental safety. Both deal with the particles preparation cost and the cost of treatment operation with respect to the increase of supplied water price for the consumers. Under this view, this work attempts to evaluate reported studies according to their possibility to meet reliable requirements of water technology and also suggests an experimental approach to allow validation of tested nanoparticles.
“…[38][39][40][41][42][43] Owing to the relative ease of graing or immobilizing nanoparticles, there have been some studies in the past that have used native cellulose bers or nanobers as viable substrates for TiO 2 graing using various synthesis processes to impart photocatalytic properties to the composite. [44][45][46][47][48] The easy accessibility of these cellulose bers has also made their use favorable. However, control of functionalization is more difficult owing to their complex structure (composed of amorphous and crystalline parts) and stabilization of emulsions in a well-dened way cannot be achieved via these bers of length larger than the drop diameter.…”
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