In-situ Cl− ions formation during photocatalytic reaction of platinized nanocomposite for hydrogen generation

In Situ One-Pot Synthesis of C-Decorated and Cl-Doped Sea-Urchin-like Rutile Titanium Dioxide with Highly Efficient Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity

“…Cl 2p spectra of Cl-TiO 2 and Cl-TiO 2 /C (Figure c) showed two peaks at 197.5 and 199.0 eV, which were assigned to the Cl – adsorbed on the TiO 2 surface and the Cl doped into the lattice of TiO 2 , , respectively. The surface chemisorbed Cl can take up photoinduced holes to enhance the h + /e – separation − and also improve the surface anionic polarization to greatly enhance the electrostatic adsorption of cationic dyes. , The Cl doped into the TiO 2 lattice can induce lattice OVs, favoring for the photogenerated holes trapping, thereby prolonging the lifetime of electron–hole pairs , and improving the photocatalytic performance.…”

“…and halogens (such as fluorine (F) and chlorine (Cl) , ) can significantly change its electronic structure and the formation of midgap states, resulting in a bandgap reduction or the generation of oxygen vacancies (OVs) and interstitial defects. Especially, Cl-doped TiO 2 shows more promising advantages than other nonmetal doping, for which not only can replace lattice oxygen atoms in TiO 2 to induce lattice OVs for improving the separation of photoinduced charge pairs, ,, but also can act as internal electron donors to restrict photogenerated holes for enhancing the charge separation. − Meanwhile, Cl – adsorbed on the TiO 2 surface can introduce a negative surface charge, which greatly promotes the self-sensitizing degradation activity of cationic dyes. , Thus, Cl doping indeed plays an important role on improving the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 . However, the stability of Cl-doped TiO 2 during visible-light photocatalytic process is poor because of the decreased concentration of Cl dopant. ,, It has been reported that the stability and photocatalytic performance of TiO 2 under visible-light irradiation can be enhanced by decoration with C materials (i.e., carbon quantum dot, mesoporous carbon, graphene, etc.…”

“…Especially, Cl-doped TiO 2 shows more promising advantages than other nonmetal doping, for which not only can replace lattice oxygen atoms in TiO 2 to induce lattice OVs for improving the separation of photoinduced charge pairs, ,, but also can act as internal electron donors to restrict photogenerated holes for enhancing the charge separation. − Meanwhile, Cl – adsorbed on the TiO 2 surface can introduce a negative surface charge, which greatly promotes the self-sensitizing degradation activity of cationic dyes. , Thus, Cl doping indeed plays an important role on improving the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 . However, the stability of Cl-doped TiO 2 during visible-light photocatalytic process is poor because of the decreased concentration of Cl dopant. ,, It has been reported that the stability and photocatalytic performance of TiO 2 under visible-light irradiation can be enhanced by decoration with C materials (i.e., carbon quantum dot, mesoporous carbon, graphene, etc. ). − C materials decorated on the surface of TiO 2 can not only adsorb photoinduced electrons as trapping centers, resulting in the high separation efficiency of the charge carriers, , but also sensitize TiO 2 as sensitizers for improving the degradation performance of the dyes. , …”

“…However, the stability of Cl-doped TiO 2 during visible-light photocatalytic process is poor because of the decreased concentration of Cl dopant. 16,20,21 It has been reported that the stability and photocatalytic performance of TiO 2 under visible-light irradiation can be enhanced by decoration with C materials (i.e., carbon quantum dot, mesoporous carbon, graphene, etc.). 23−25 C materials decorated on the surface of TiO 2 can not only adsorb photoinduced electrons as trapping centers, resulting in the high separation efficiency of the charge carriers, 23,26 but also sensitize TiO 2 as sensitizers for improving the degradation performance of the dyes.…”