In situ AFM imaging of apolipoprotein A-I directly derived from plasma HDL

Gan, Chaoye; Wang, Zhexuan; Chen, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.02.022

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“… 133 The understanding of functionality of HDL may become clearer following the description of the use of atomic force microscopy to examine the organization of apoA1. 134 …”

Section: Diabetes Dyslipidemia Atherosclerosis and Hdlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and dyslipidemia: characterizing lipoprotein metabolism

Tomkin¹,

Owens²

2017

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Premature atherosclerosis in diabetes accounts for much of the decreased life span. New treatments have reduced this risk considerably. This review explores the relationship among the disturbances in glucose, lipid, and bile salt metabolic pathways that occur in diabetes. In particular, excess nutrient intake and starvation have major metabolic effects, which have allowed us new insights into the disturbance that occurs in diabetes. Metabolic regulators such as the forkhead transcription factors, the farnesyl X transcription factors, and the fibroblast growth factors have become important players in our understanding of the dysregulation of metabolism in diabetes and overnutrition. The disturbed regulation of lipoprotein metabolism in both the intestine and the liver has been more clearly defined over the past few years, and the atherogenicity of the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and – in tandem – low levels of high-density lipoproteins, is seen now as very important. New information on the apolipoproteins that control lipoprotein lipase activity has been obtained. This is an exciting time in the battle to defeat diabetic atherosclerosis.

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“… 133 The understanding of functionality of HDL may become clearer following the description of the use of atomic force microscopy to examine the organization of apoA1. 134 …”

Section: Diabetes Dyslipidemia Atherosclerosis and Hdlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and dyslipidemia: characterizing lipoprotein metabolism

Tomkin¹,

Owens²

2017

DMSO

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“…Surprisingly, however, the AFM studies on plasma/circulating lipoproteins, an important type of natural lipid-protein complexes with a nanoscale size (generally 5–80 nm; chylomicrons have a size of up to 1 μm), are limited to the imaging and/or size measurement of native lipoproteins (mainly LDL and HDL) [ 10 – 17 ], and even no AFM size measurement of modified lipoproteins (e.g. oxLDL or acLDL) was previously reported until now.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative investigation on the sizes and scavenger receptor binding of human native and modified lipoprotein particles with atomic force microscopy

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe size and receptor-binding abilities of plasma lipoproteins are closely related with their structure/functions. Presently, the sizes of native lipoproteins have been measured by various methods including atomic force microscopy (AFM) whereas the sizes of modified lipoproteins are poorly determined and the receptor-binding ability of lipoproteins is less detected and compared at the nanoscale.MethodsHere, AFM was utilized to detect/compare the size and scavenger receptor-binding properties of three native human lipoproteins including high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein, and two modified human lipoproteins including oxidized and acetylated LDL, as well as bovine serum albumin and their antibodies as negative and positive controls, respectively.ResultsAFM detected that the sizes of these lipoproteins are close to the commonly known values and the previously-reported AFM-detected sizes and that native and modified LDL have different height/size. AFM also revealed that the CD36-binding abilities of the five lipoproteins are different from one another and from their SR-B1-binding abilities and that the anti-CD36/SR-B1 antibodies as positive controls have strong CD36/SR-B1-binding abilities.ConclusionsThe data provide important information on lipoproteins for better understanding their structures/functions. Moreover, the data certify that besides size measurement AFM also can visualize receptor-lipoprotein binding at the nanoscale, as well as antigen–antibody (scavenger receptors and their antibodies) binding.

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“…The mica functionalization and sample preparation were performed via the APTES-glutaraldehyde method as reported in our previous studies [10,11]. Briefly, freshly cleaved mica sheets in petri dishes were exposed to APTES vapor by keeping the sheets for 2 h with DIPEA and APTES solutions and then for 2 days with DIPEA solution in a sealed glass dessicator (ultrapure argon was used to remove the air and moisture in the dessicator).…”

Section: Mica Functionalization and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic AFM detection of the oxidation-induced changes in size, stiffness, and stickiness of low-density lipoprotein

Wang

Luo

et al. 2020

J Nanobiotechnol

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Background Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is an important plasma lipoprotein transporting lipids to peripheral tissues/cells. The oxidation of LDL plays critical roles in atherogenesis and its oxidized form (oxLDL) is an important risk factor of atherosclerosis. The biomechanical properties of LDL/oxLDL are closely correlated with the disease. To date, however, the oxidation-induced changes in size and biomechanical properties (stiffness and stickiness) of LDL particles are less investigated. Methods In this study, copper-induced LDL oxidation was confirmed by detecting electrophoretic mobility, malondialdehyde production, and conjugated diene formation. Then, the topographical and biomechanical mappings of LDL particles before/after and during oxidation were performed by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the size and biomechanical forces of particles were measured and quantitatively analyzed. Results Oxidation induced a significant decrease in size and stiffness (Young’s modulus) but a significant increase in stickiness (adhesion force) of LDL particles. The smaller, softer, and stickier characteristics of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) partially explains its pro-atherosclerotic role. Conclusions The data implies that LDL oxidation probably aggravates atherogenesis by changing the size and biomechanical properties of LDL particles. The data may provide important information for a better understanding of LDL/oxLDL and atherosclerosis.

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In situ AFM imaging of apolipoprotein A-I directly derived from plasma HDL

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Diabetes and dyslipidemia: characterizing lipoprotein metabolism

Diabetes and dyslipidemia: characterizing lipoprotein metabolism

Comparative investigation on the sizes and scavenger receptor binding of human native and modified lipoprotein particles with atomic force microscopy

Dynamic AFM detection of the oxidation-induced changes in size, stiffness, and stickiness of low-density lipoprotein

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