In Situ 2D Perovskite Formation and the Impact of the 2D/3D Structures on Performance and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Holanda, Matheus Serra de; Szostak, Rodrigo; Marchezi, Paulo Ernesto; Duarte, Luís Gustavo Teixeira Alves; Germino, José Carlos; Atvars, Teresa Dib Zambon; Nogueira, Ana F.

doi:10.1002/solr.201900199

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Presently, Pb-based 2D and lower dimensional perovskites materials and devices are more prominent. [176][177][178][179][180] Therefore, the development of nontoxic Pb-free alternatives cannot be over emphasized. The geometrical, electronic and optical properties of a series of 2D Sn perovskite semiconductors (CH 3 (CH 2 ) 3 NH 3 ) 2 (CH 3 NH 3 ) n−1 Sn n I 3n+1 (n = 1, 2, and 3) theoretically investigated by Wang et al [181] revealed that the series possess strong and broad optical absorption with small electrons and holes effective masses.…”

Section: Pure Sn Halide Perovskitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tin Halide Perovskites: Progress and Challenges

Yang

Igbari

Lou

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

146

121

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The chemical composition engineering of lead halide perovskites via a partial or complete replacement of toxic Pb with tin has been widely reported as a feasible process due to the suitable ionic radius of Sn and its possibility of existing in the +2 state. Interestingly, a complete replacement narrows the bandgap while a partial replacement gives an anomalous phenomenon involving a further narrowing of bandgap relative to the pure Pb and Sn halide perovskite compounds. Unfortunately, the merits of this anomalous behavior have not been properly harnessed. Although promising progress has been made to advance the properties and performance of Sn‐based perovskite systems, their photovoltaic (PV) parameters are still significantly inferior to those of the Pb‐based analogs. This review summarizes the current progress and challenges in the preparation, morphological and photophysical properties of Sn‐based halide perovskites, and how these affect their PV performance. Although it can be argued that the Pb halide perovskite systems may remain the most sought after technology in the field of thin film perovskite PV, prospective research directions are suggested to advance the properties of Sn halide perovskite materials for improved device performance.

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Section: Pure Sn Halide Perovskitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tin Halide Perovskites: Progress and Challenges

Yang

Igbari

Lou

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

146

121

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“…3b, and the bandgap is widened. 53,54 Emission peaks of single crystals of (FA Table 2). In order to evaluate the water-oxygen stability of the perovskite single crystals, we placed the perovskite powders in a brown dryer and stored them in a dark environment, exposed to water (20% humidity) and oxygen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of methylamine doping on the stability of triple cation (FA_0.95−xMA_xCs_0.05)PbI₃ single crystal perovskites

Huang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Nanoscale Adv.

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“…[23,[81][82][83] In general, ammonium salts showed a superior passivation effect, including filling MA/FA/I vacancies and reacting with excess lead iodide, which acts as the primary agent to expand the field of 2D perovskite passivation. [84][85][86][87]…”

Section: A′x (Ammonium Salt X = Halogen)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In short, the merit of blocking moisture penetration makes 2D perovskite passivation widely used to promote PSCs' stability. [85] Although many reports claim that the 2D capping layer formed after passivation has dramatically improved the moisture stability of the film, more in-depth exploration, and related theoretical support need to be further carried out. In most cases, the 2D layer formed on the top after passivation is very thin, about a few nanometers, or even incomplete coverage, the moisture stability improvement could be limited.…”

Section: Blocking Moisture Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Passivation Using 2D Perovskites toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Wu¹,

Liang²,

et al. 2022

Advanced Materials

250

208

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first solid-state perovskite solar cell (PSC) was successfully prepared by introducing Sprio as a hole transport layer (HTL), tremendous efforts have been devoted to further promoting the photovoltaic performance, including surface passivation, bulk doping, processing engineering, and optimizing the structure of the device. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs has dramatically increased from the initial 9% to an impressive 25.2% in several years. [22,23] To date, the coexistence of high efficiency and long-term stability has become a crucial requirement for successful PSC applications. 2D perovskites (consisting of pure 2D and quasi-2D perovskites) have emerged as a new family of photovoltaic materials that have been proven to resolve the problem of instability in perovskites. Owing to the insulating spacer layer, inherent outstanding long-term stability is obtained in 2D perovskites, including hydrophobicity, suppression of ion migration, and larger formation energy. [24][25][26][27][28] However, severe carrier recombination occurs due to the combined effect of quantum confinement and dielectric confinement, rooted in the natural multiple quantum wells structure (MQWs) (Figure 1), where the inorganic parts act as potential "wells" while the organic parts act as "walls", which shows a boost in the photovoltaic performance of 2D PSCs. [29][30][31] To realize the coexistence of high efficiency and ultrastability in PSCs, researchers began to construct 2D/3D heterostructures by surface passivation. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] In fact, before the boosting of the 2D/3D stacking concept, many researchers have applied large ammonium cations (such as phenethylamine (PEA), butylamine (BA), and quaternary ammonium (QA)) as defect passivants to 3D perovskite solar cells. [41][42][43][44][45] During this period, the pure PEA-or BA-based 2D perovskites have been explored as light-absorbing materials for better stability. [25,46] In 2015, Yao et al. introduced in situ grown 2D perovskite (PEI) 2 PbI 4 (PEI: polymeric ammonium) on an MAPbI 3 film, leading to more stable and efficient PSCs. [47] In 2016, discussions and analyses of the surface passivation effect began to emerge, which involved exploring a series of 2D perovskite molecules (such as aniline, benzylamine, and PEA). [42,45,48] The concept of 2D/3D stacking really stood out in 2018 by unveiling the chemical reaction mechanism for heterojunction formation and the mechanism for enhancing stability. For example, Huang 3D perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown great promise for use in next-generation photovoltaic devices. However, some challenges need to be addressed before their commercial production, such as enormous defects formed on the surface, which result in severe SRH recombination, and inadequate material interplay between the composition, leading to thermal-, moisture-, and light-induced degradation. 2D perovskites, in which the organic layer functions as a protective barrier ...

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In Situ 2D Perovskite Formation and the Impact of the 2D/3D Structures on Performance and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 30 publications

References 49 publications

Tin Halide Perovskites: Progress and Challenges

Tin Halide Perovskites: Progress and Challenges

Effects of methylamine doping on the stability of triple cation (FA_0.95−xMA_xCs_0.05)PbI₃ single crystal perovskites

Surface Passivation Using 2D Perovskites toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

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In Situ 2D Perovskite Formation and the Impact of the 2D/3D Structures on Performance and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 30 publications

References 49 publications

Tin Halide Perovskites: Progress and Challenges

Tin Halide Perovskites: Progress and Challenges

Effects of methylamine doping on the stability of triple cation (FA0.95−xMAxCs0.05)PbI3 single crystal perovskites

Surface Passivation Using 2D Perovskites toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

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Effects of methylamine doping on the stability of triple cation (FA_0.95−xMA_xCs_0.05)PbI₃ single crystal perovskites