In sink-limited spring barley crops, light interception by green canopy does not need protection against foliar disease for the entire duration of grain filling

Bingham, I. J.; Young, Caroline; Bounds, Philip; Paveley, N. D.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2019.04.020

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In barley, it is more important to keep the F-1 leaf and the ear healthy, since the contribution from the flag leaf is almost insiginificant due to its small size (AHDB 2018). However, the photosynthetically active radiation interception required during different grain filling periods differs, and therefore the timing of the disease outbreak and control measures have variable effects on yield (Bingham et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield increases due to fungicide control of leaf blotch diseases in wheat and barley as a basis for IPM decision-making in the Nordic-Baltic region

et al. 2020

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Fungal plant diseases driven by weather factors are common in European wheat and barley crops. Among these, septoria tritici blotch (Zymoseptoria tritici), tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis), and stagonospora nodorum blotch (Parastagonospora nodorum) are common in the Nordic-Baltic region at variable incidence and severity both in spring and winter wheat fields. In spring barley, net blotch (Pyrenophora teres), scald (Rhynchosporium graminicola, syn. Rhynchosporium commune) and ramularia leaf spot (Ramularia collo-cygni) are common yield limiting foliar diseases. We analysed data from 449 field trials from 2007 to 2017 in wheat and barley crops in the Nordic-Baltic region and explored the differences in severity of leaf blotch diseases between countries and years, and the impact of the diseases on yield. In the experiments, septoria tritici blotch dominated in winter wheat in Denmark and southern Sweden; while in Lithuania, both septoria tritici blotch and tan spot were common. In spring wheat, stagonospora nodorum blotch dominated in Norway and tan spot in Finland. Net blotch and ramularia leaf blotch were the most severe barley diseases over large areas, while scald occurred more locally and had less yield impact in all countries. Leaf blotch diseases, with severity >50% at DC 73–77, caused an average yield loss of 1072 kg/ha in winter wheat and 1114 kg/ha in spring barley across all countries over 5 years. These data verify a large regional and yearly variation in disease severity, distribution and impact on yield, emphasizing the need to adapt fungicide applications to the actual need based on locally adapted risk assessment systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield increases due to fungicide control of leaf blotch diseases in wheat and barley as a basis for IPM decision-making in the Nordic-Baltic region

et al. 2020

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“…Canopy light interception plays a crucial role in elevating crop productivity ( Plénet et al, 2000 ; Zhang et al, 2019b ). Bingham et al (2019) indicated that the protection of canopy PAR interception was required to maximize grain yield until approximately 80% of the grain filling was completed in spring barley. With yield levels ranging from 3,300 to 4,800 kg ha −1 , PARF in the middle and lower layers of wheat canopy can be increased by applying N fertilizer ranging from 90 to 180 kg ha −1 , but excessive N application at 270 kg ha −1 led to the decreased canopy PARF ( Luo et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain-filling characteristics and yield formation of wheat in two different soil fertility fields in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain

Zheng

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Clarifying factors that underpinning the variation in wheat yield components between high and middle soil fertility fields is critical to increase grain production and narrow yield gap for smallholder farming systems in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain (3HP), which characterized by a large variation in soil fertility. Two-year field experiments were conducted to investigate wheat tillering, leaf photosynthesis, and grain filling characteristics in different soil fertility fields: high soil fertility field (HF) and middle soil fertility field (MF). Results showed that the spike formation rate in HF was 12.7%–13.0% higher than that in MF, leading to an 18.0%–19.8% increase in spike number. In addition, HF improved canopy light interception and leaf photosynthesis characteristics after anthesis and delayed leaf senescence, contributing to the increase in both the active grain filling period and grain filling rate. This resulted in a higher 1,000 grain weight in HF, which was 8.2%–8.3% higher than that in MF. Compared to MF, HF obtained higher yields at 9,840 kg ha−1 in 2017/18 and 11,462 kg ha−1 in 2018/19, respectively. In summary, higher spike number and 1,000-grain weight, which were mediated by spike-formation rate, maximization of light interception and improved leaf photosynthesis. These results would have important implications for narrowing yield gap between MF and HF in the 3HP.

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“…Barley growth and development before anthesis determine the grain sink capacity, which is a function of the number of grains per unit land area and their potential size (individual storage capacity). Post-anthesis photosynthetic activity and the remobilization of soluble carbohydrate reserves stored from pre-anthesis supply carbon assimilates during grain filling (Kennedy et al, 2017 ; Bingham et al, 2019 ). The balance between the source and sink capacity during grain filling varies depending on environmental conditions and season (Grashoff and d'Antuono, 1997 ; Borras et al, 2004 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning and Translocation of Dry Matter and Nitrogen During Grain Filling in Spring Barley Varieties and Their Roles in Determining Malting Quality

Barmeier

Schmidhalter

2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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To meet the strict requirements for the malting quality of both grain size and protein content for malting barley, a better understanding of the partitioning and remobilization of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) from individual vegetative organs during grain filling may contribute to adjusting a balance in both quality parameters to satisfy the malting criteria of the brewing industry. A 2-year experiment that included 23 spring malting barley varieties was carried out to determine the DM and N partitioning in different organs at anthesis and maturity and to estimate their remobilization to grains. In contrast to the genetic variation of the 23 barley varieties, year effect was the most important single factor influencing the DM and N accumulation at pre-anthesis, and the DM and N translocation from their reserves at pre-anthesis. Post-anthesis assimilates accounted for 71–94% of the total grain yield among the barley varieties in 2014 and 53–81% in 2015. In contrast, the N reserved in vegetative tissues at anthesis contributed to barley grain N from 67% in the variety Union to 91% in the variety Marthe in 2014, and 71% in the variety Grace to 97% in the variety Shakira in 2015. The results concluded that photosynthetically derived assimilates at post-anthesis played an important role in determining grain size, whereas N reserves at pre-anthesis and N remobilization at post-anthesis probably determined the grain protein content of the malting barley. To achieve a high quality of malting barley grains in both grain size and protein content simultaneously, balancing photosynthetic assimilates at post-anthesis and N reserves at pre-anthesis and N remobilization should be considered as strategies for the combination of the selection of spring malting barley varieties together with agronomic N management.

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In sink-limited spring barley crops, light interception by green canopy does not need protection against foliar disease for the entire duration of grain filling

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Yield increases due to fungicide control of leaf blotch diseases in wheat and barley as a basis for IPM decision-making in the Nordic-Baltic region

Yield increases due to fungicide control of leaf blotch diseases in wheat and barley as a basis for IPM decision-making in the Nordic-Baltic region

Grain-filling characteristics and yield formation of wheat in two different soil fertility fields in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain

Partitioning and Translocation of Dry Matter and Nitrogen During Grain Filling in Spring Barley Varieties and Their Roles in Determining Malting Quality

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