In pursuit of happiness: Impact of the happiness level of a destination country on Chinese tourists' outbound travel choices

Huang, Zhongdong; Huang, Sam; Yang, Yang; Tang, Ziyan; Yang, Yutao; Zhou, Yijun

doi:10.1002/jtr.2421

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Several studies confirm that the general positive attitude of the native population, expressed, among other things, by the happiness index, attracts tourists to the region. Huang et al (2021) determined that a country's level of happiness affects its attractiveness to Chinese tourists, and the relationship is direct and significant between the level of happiness in a host destination and the number of Chinese tourists visiting it (case 113 countries for 2012-2017). Gholipour, Tajaddini & Foroughi (2022) proved that tourists spend more money in those countries where the level of happiness is higher when looking at a sample of 58 developed and developing countries.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic development of tourist destinations: A cross-country analysis

Stryzhak,

Cibák,

Sidak

et al. 2024

JEECAR

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The study aims to investigate the characteristics of socio-economic development in the context of countries’ tourism advancement. The paper analyzes the Travel & Tourism Development Index (TTDI) and the Happiness Rating (HR). The sample covers data from 102 countries for the year 2021. The analysis showed that there are differences in the relationships between TTDI and HR, as well as their sub-indices, among groups of countries distributed according to income level. The research methodology includes the use of such methods as correlation analysis to determine the relationships between indicators like factor analysis to identify the degree of indicators' influence on the sample and a graphical method to visualise the analysis results. The study uses the World Bank approach to classify countries into income groups. The study confirms that a country's welfare level is one factor that determines patterns in various areas, including tourism.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic development of tourist destinations: A cross-country analysis

Stryzhak,

Cibák,

Sidak

et al. 2024

JEECAR

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“…Research also found that Japanese advertisements had more fear and rules/formality cues due to their restraint, high level of uncertainty avoidance, and power-distance orientations [95]. Although Chinese culture can be classified as a restraint culture, the happiness levels of a destination country were positively and significantly associated with Chinese tourist arrivals in that country [96].…”

Section: Promotionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture’s Influence on the Design and Delivery of the Marketing Mix Elements in Tourism and Hospitality

Koç

Ayyıldız

2021

Sustainability

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This review study presents intercultural research findings relating to elements or aspects of the marketing mix (7Ps) in tourism and hospitality. The study aims to present a comprehensive and compact document on almost all cultural variables/characteristics and all marketing mix elements based on data collected from a wide range of countries supported by several research studies. It is believed that the study will have significant value for researchers, practitioners, and students, both undergraduate and postgraduate, as at present there is no compact and comprehensive document that brings together research findings to establish a cumulative or overall cross-cultural understanding of the design and delivery of the tourism and hospitality marketing mix elements. Currently, studies on culture and tourism and hospitality mainly focus only on one or few cultural variables/dimensions, one or few countries, and one marketing mix element, or various sub-elements of the marketing mix, e.g., sales promotions or advertisements under the promotion element.

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“…Fan also noted that the potential consumption power operated by state-owned travelling agencies of China and its authority regime may exert manipulation over the outflow of Chinese outbound tourists. Huang et al (2021) indicate that the happiness level of a destination country can cast numerous impacts on Chinese tourists' outbound travel choices, in which the authors indicate that Chinese outbound tourists' destination choices are, in its essence, casting impacts on destinations' happiness levels. Other corresponding measures include participating in international tourism conferences, setting up tourism offices in each other's territory, or conducting international tourism cooperation and exchanges.…”

Section: Chinese Outbound Tourism Diplomacy As Nation-state Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese tourism diplomacy: a chinese–style modernity review

et al. 2021

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Viewed from Chinese-style modernity, this article explores Chinese tourism diplomacy in relation to the development of Chinese outbound tourism. Using public policy analysis, the article examines the role of modern Chinese statecraft in the outbound tourism sector. It identifies four main characteristics in the nature of tourism diplomacy: the economic power of outbound tourism; outbound tourism as sanctionable or rewarding forces; the relatively low political sensitivity and high flexibility of outbound tourism; culture and tourism integration to enhance international relations. The article contributes to the literature by illuminating the interconnectivity between diplomacy and tourism via investigating through China-style modernity. It contributes to a repositioning of the nation-state power metrics of China's outbound tourism industry.

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In pursuit of happiness: Impact of the happiness level of a destination country on Chinese tourists' outbound travel choices

Cited by 8 publications

References 64 publications

Socio-economic development of tourist destinations: A cross-country analysis

Socio-economic development of tourist destinations: A cross-country analysis

Culture’s Influence on the Design and Delivery of the Marketing Mix Elements in Tourism and Hospitality

Chinese tourism diplomacy: a chinese–style modernity review

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