“…Our search yielded a total of 2431 records of which 1692 were screened by title/abstract after duplicates were removed. One hundred seventy-nine records were sought for retrieval and ultimately 48 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria [ 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 ]. A PRISMA [ 11 ] flow diagram of our search strategy and reasons for the exclusion of full-text articles can be seen in Figure 1 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All, except one [ 23 ], reported data on mortality, which timeframes varied among studies. Among those reporting operative mortality, proportions ranged from 0 to 13% [ 22 55 56 62 ], whereas in those reporting in-hospital or <30 days mortality, it ranged from 0% to 19.2% [ 24 29 35 40 52 53 56 ]. Some authors reported distinct follow-up periods for longer-term mortality (from 2 months up to 8 years of follow-up) [ 24 25 28 35 55 56 ] whereas others reported overall mortality during their total study period ranging from 0.6% to 20% [ 41 62 65 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Burden was also assessed from surgical or percutaneously intervened studies. The need for reoperation or reintervention was commonly described in the studies [ 25 29 40 41 52 55 56 62 ]. Other complications of RHD reported among interventional studies were HF (5.1%–22.3%) [ 23 25 55 ], AFib (0%–65.6%) [ 23 25 29 41 55 ], IE (1.4%–16%) [ 22 52 55 62 65 ], stroke (2.7%–10.5%) [ 22 24 28 55 62 ], EE (7.1%–16.4%) [ 35 65 ], and PH [ 23 25 ].…”
Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) disproportionately affects low-income and middle-income countries. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have been less represented in scientific literature. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, burden and implemented screening and prevention strategies of RHD in LAC.
Methods:We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and SciELO from 1990 to April 2021. Observational and experimental studies that described data on the epidemiology, burden, or prevention/screening strategies of RHD, regardless of age or language, were included. The risk of bias was assessed by previously published tools depending on their study design. Pre-specified data were independently extracted and presented by each topic (epidemiology, burden, prevention/screening). PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021250043.
Results:Forty-eight studies out of 1692 non-duplicate records met the eligibility criteria. They were mainly from Brazil, observational in design, and hospital-based. Data on the epidemiology of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) was not recent (most before 2000) with studies describing decreasing incidence through the years. The prevalence of RHD was described in six studies, ranging from 0.24 to 48 per 1,000 among studies evaluating schoolchildren. Nine studies described data based on admissions, ranging from 0.04% to 7.1% in single-center studies. Twenty-four studies assessed the burden of RHD with most of them reporting mortality rates/proportions and complications such as the need for intervention, atrial fibrillation, or embolism. Six preventive strategies were identified that included educational, register-based, and/or secondary prophylaxis strategies. Three well-established echocardiographic screening studies in Brazil and Peru were identified.
Conclusions:Most ARF/RHD research in LAC comes from a single country, Brazil where preventive/screening efforts have been conducted. There was a paucity of data from several countries in the region, reflecting the need for epidemiological studies from more countries in LAC which will provide a better picture of the current situation of ARF/RHD and guide the implementation of preventive strategies. 2 Jaimes-Reyes et al.
“…Our search yielded a total of 2431 records of which 1692 were screened by title/abstract after duplicates were removed. One hundred seventy-nine records were sought for retrieval and ultimately 48 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria [ 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 ]. A PRISMA [ 11 ] flow diagram of our search strategy and reasons for the exclusion of full-text articles can be seen in Figure 1 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All, except one [ 23 ], reported data on mortality, which timeframes varied among studies. Among those reporting operative mortality, proportions ranged from 0 to 13% [ 22 55 56 62 ], whereas in those reporting in-hospital or <30 days mortality, it ranged from 0% to 19.2% [ 24 29 35 40 52 53 56 ]. Some authors reported distinct follow-up periods for longer-term mortality (from 2 months up to 8 years of follow-up) [ 24 25 28 35 55 56 ] whereas others reported overall mortality during their total study period ranging from 0.6% to 20% [ 41 62 65 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Burden was also assessed from surgical or percutaneously intervened studies. The need for reoperation or reintervention was commonly described in the studies [ 25 29 40 41 52 55 56 62 ]. Other complications of RHD reported among interventional studies were HF (5.1%–22.3%) [ 23 25 55 ], AFib (0%–65.6%) [ 23 25 29 41 55 ], IE (1.4%–16%) [ 22 52 55 62 65 ], stroke (2.7%–10.5%) [ 22 24 28 55 62 ], EE (7.1%–16.4%) [ 35 65 ], and PH [ 23 25 ].…”
Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) disproportionately affects low-income and middle-income countries. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have been less represented in scientific literature. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, burden and implemented screening and prevention strategies of RHD in LAC.
Methods:We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and SciELO from 1990 to April 2021. Observational and experimental studies that described data on the epidemiology, burden, or prevention/screening strategies of RHD, regardless of age or language, were included. The risk of bias was assessed by previously published tools depending on their study design. Pre-specified data were independently extracted and presented by each topic (epidemiology, burden, prevention/screening). PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021250043.
Results:Forty-eight studies out of 1692 non-duplicate records met the eligibility criteria. They were mainly from Brazil, observational in design, and hospital-based. Data on the epidemiology of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) was not recent (most before 2000) with studies describing decreasing incidence through the years. The prevalence of RHD was described in six studies, ranging from 0.24 to 48 per 1,000 among studies evaluating schoolchildren. Nine studies described data based on admissions, ranging from 0.04% to 7.1% in single-center studies. Twenty-four studies assessed the burden of RHD with most of them reporting mortality rates/proportions and complications such as the need for intervention, atrial fibrillation, or embolism. Six preventive strategies were identified that included educational, register-based, and/or secondary prophylaxis strategies. Three well-established echocardiographic screening studies in Brazil and Peru were identified.
Conclusions:Most ARF/RHD research in LAC comes from a single country, Brazil where preventive/screening efforts have been conducted. There was a paucity of data from several countries in the region, reflecting the need for epidemiological studies from more countries in LAC which will provide a better picture of the current situation of ARF/RHD and guide the implementation of preventive strategies. 2 Jaimes-Reyes et al.
“…Trata-se de uma enfermidade que possui elevado custo para os serviços de saúde, visto que conduz sucessivas hospitalizações, com predomínio de indicação cirúrgica. Ao contrário da prevenção da febre reumática, que tem um custo relativamente baixo, posto que a penicilina é uma medicação barata, a cirurgia cardíaca apresenta um elevado custo, estimado em um gasto em torno de 89 milhões de reais aos cofres públicos 13 .…”
A febre reumática (FR) é uma inflamação que decorre da resposta imune tardia de uma faringite por Streptococcus pyogenes do grupo A, tratada de forma inadequada. Como principal complicação dessa doença, tem-se a cardiopatia reumática crônica (CRC) que cursa com lesão das valvas cardíacas e corresponde à principal causa de morbimortalidade em pacientes que foram acometidos por FR. Esse estudo tem como objetivo traçar o perfil epidemiológico e cronológico da CRC em Minas Gerais entre 2016 e 2022. Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo baseado nos dados fornecidos pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) acerca das características sociodemográficas dos pacientes internados em hospitais públicos de Minas Gerais com cardiopatia reumática crônica entre 2016 e 2022. No período estudado, o total de internações em Minas Gerais foi de 6631 e o de óbitos foi de 548. A população parda apresentou o maior número de internações (3.789) e a população preta apresentou a maior taxa de mortalidade (10%). Em relação à macrorregião, a região central apresentou o maior número de internações (2.538) e a região Sudeste apresentou a maior taxa de mortalidade (14,1%). Em um panorama cronológico, 2019 foi o ano com o maior número de internações (1088) precedido pelo ano de 2022 (1030), sendo 2016 o ano com a maior taxa de mortalidade (10,6%). Compreender as discrepâncias regionais e raciais que envolvem essa patologia é fundamental para criação de políticas de prevenção, que pautadas no princípio da equidade, atuem de forma eficaz na promoção da saúde.
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