2017
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01957
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Impurities in a 28Si-Enriched Single Crystal Produced for the Realization of the Redefined Kilogram

Abstract: The practical realization of the unit of mass is possible by manufacturing a perfect one-kilogram sphere from a Si-enriched single crystal. The mass of the sphere can be determined in terms of a fixed value of the Planck constant by counting the number of silicon atoms in the core of the single crystal. To reach the target 2.0 × 10 relative standard uncertainty, the mass of the surface layer and the mass deficit due to point defects such as impurities and vacancies must be investigated and corrected for. A sam… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(6 citation statements)
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References 12 publications
(22 reference statements)
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“…Subsequently, these molar masses were independently and consistently re-measured by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), NMIJ and PTB [5] by using a water solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) as a basic Si solvent in place of a solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). INRIM confirmed the 30 Si fraction and purity by nuclear activation analysis [22,23]. The result,…”
Section: Molar Mass Measurementsmentioning
confidence: 52%
“…Subsequently, these molar masses were independently and consistently re-measured by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), NMIJ and PTB [5] by using a water solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) as a basic Si solvent in place of a solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). INRIM confirmed the 30 Si fraction and purity by nuclear activation analysis [22,23]. The result,…”
Section: Molar Mass Measurementsmentioning
confidence: 52%
“…The analysis quantified nine elements: the Cu concentration was 1.52(27) × 10 13 cm −3 while the concentrations of Cr, Co, Ga, As, Br, La, W and Au were between 5.22(32) × 10 10 cm −3 (W value) and 2.14(27) × 10 8 cm −3 (Au value). The corresponding overall concentration is 1.53(27) × 10 13 cm −3 and the total overall mass fraction is 0.70 (12) ng g −1 . Detection limits of an additional 52 elements detectable by INAA were established within the range 1.3 × 10 15 cm −3 (Ti value) and 3.3 × 10 6 cm −3 (Ir value); Sb is included, with a detection limit of 7.2 × 10 8 cm −3 [12].…”
Section: Point Defectsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…The corresponding overall concentration is 1.53(27) × 10 13 cm −3 and the total overall mass fraction is 0.70 (12) ng g −1 . Detection limits of an additional 52 elements detectable by INAA were established within the range 1.3 × 10 15 cm −3 (Ti value) and 3.3 × 10 6 cm −3 (Ir value); Sb is included, with a detection limit of 7.2 × 10 8 cm −3 [12].…”
Section: Point Defectsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…The oxygen and carbon concentration in the 28 Si single crystal was measured by IR spectroscopy (IChHPS RAS and PTB, see section 4.4). Additionally, the instrumental neutron activation analysis was used to check the purity with respect to many other chemical elements [25].…”
Section: Crystal Qualitymentioning
confidence: 99%