Impulsiveness and compulsiveness in alcoholics and nonalcoholics

Ketzenberger, Kay E.; Forrest, Linda

doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(00)00062-9

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with those of previous studies that found a relationship between impulsiveness and addiction reflected in: (a) higher impulsiveness scores in addicted subjects than in non-addicts [43][44][45] ; (b) correlation between high levels of craving and greater impulsiveness [26] ; (c) relationship between compulsiveness once consumption has begun and impulsiveness [12,18] . This loss of control aspect or Factor I is also present in other craving scales, such as the OCCD [27] , the Loss of Control Scale [28] , the ACQNow [31] , the DAQ [32] , or the PACS [32] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Alcohol Craving Scale Based on Three Factors

Jiménez¹,

Graña²,

Montes³

et al. 2009

Eur Addict Res

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Background: Alcohol craving is a central aspect of alcoholism about which various explanatory theories and assessment questionnaires, based on such craving, have been developed. However, there are no instruments for the assessment of craving in line with the integrative hypotheses recently formulated that propose three types of craving: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and loss of control. Objectives: The construction and validation of a craving scale based on three factors. We expect to obtain a correlation between each factor and associated variables from prior studies. We also expect significant differences in craving between alcoholic individuals and controls. Sample: The scale was administered to 209 alcohol-dependent subjects and 137 controls. Instruments: Alcohol Craving Scale Based on Three Factors (ACS-3F); Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Severity of Alcohol Dependence Scale. Results: We confirmed the existence of the three factors initially proposed in the structure of the instrument, with high reliability. The relationship between the scale and the measures employed for its validation was confirmed. Adequate capacity of the scale to discriminate between the sample of alcoholics and the controls was observed. Conclusions: The ACS-3F has adequate psychometric properties and may be useful in future research and in clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Alcohol Craving Scale Based on Three Factors

Jiménez¹,

Graña²,

Montes³

et al. 2009

Eur Addict Res

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“…This interview included the 33-item Alcoholism Severity Scale; 26 the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) which assesses psychiatric symptomology in the past week; and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale, version 11 (BIS-11), a highly cited psychological test for impulsiveness and previously used in alcoholic subjects. 12,27,28 The BIS-11 contains 30 items that subjects are asked to rate in terms of how precisely the statements apply to themselves. The four response choices are “rarely/never”, “occasionally”, “often”, and “almost always/always”.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary case study of androgen receptor gene polymorphism association with impulsivity in women with alcoholism

Mettman¹,

Butler²,

Poje³

et al. 2014

AGG

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ObjectiveThe androgen receptor (AR) gene, located on the X chromosome, contains a common polymorphism involving cytosine–adenine–guanine (CAG) repeats, which impacts disease and could contribute to the unequal sex ratio in alcoholism. CAG repeats in the AR gene are known to correlate with impulsivity in males. We report the first preliminary study examining the association between the number of CAG repeats and measures of impulsivity in females with chronic alcoholism.MethodsA total of 35 women and 85 men with chronic alcoholism were previously recruited for a nutritional clinical trial, and 26 well-characterized females (19 African–American and seven Caucasian) with alcoholism agreed to participate for genetic testing. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was isolated from peripheral blood and CAG repeats determined by analyzing polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified products, using the polymorphic AR gene assay. CAG repeat length was correlated with raw scores from the Barratt Impulsivity Scale, version 11 and the Alcoholism Severity Scale.ResultsCAG repeat lengths were significantly longer in Caucasian alcoholic women compared with African–Americans, and the average number of CAG repeats were significantly, positively correlated (P<0.05) with impulsivity scores. Women with average CAG repeat length (CAGave) ≥18, representing the upper quartile of the repeat range, showed significantly greater mean raw impulsivity scores. CAG repeat length appeared to have less effect in African–American compared with Caucasian women, possibly due to a shorter average repeat length.ConclusionWe found an association between the number of CAG repeats and impulsivity in females with chronic alcoholism, specifically in women with CAGave ≥18, seen more commonly in Caucasian compared with African–American women.

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“…In a study comparing impulsivity and compulsivity in alcohol addicts with controls, alcohol addicts were more impulsive, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of compulsivity but in contrast to the control group, compulsivity did not decrease in the study group with age which has been suggested to be associated with the use of alcohol (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…It has been suggested that, alcohol-dependent behaviors located between; excessive preoccupation with substance in order to ensure the presence of the substance and to provide it and being uncontrolled in blocking the uptake of substance (1). Impulsivity is the state of having tendency to show fast and unplanned reactions to internal or external stimuli disregarding negative consequences, a failure to resist an impulse or stimulus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obsessive compulsive disorder and impulse control disorder comorbidity and evaluation of impulsivity and compulsivity in alcohol dependent patients

Güngör¹,

Askin²,

Taymur³

et al. 2014

Dusunen Adam

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Obsessive compulsive disorder and impulse control disorder comorbidity and evaluation of impulsivity and compulsivity in alcohol dependent patientsObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the comorbidity of obsessive compulsive disorder and impulse control disorders in patients with alcoholism and evaluate the effects of impulsivity and compulsivity on the severity of alcohol dependence.Methods: Using SCID-I, we investigated impulse control disorder (ICD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in 81 male patients diagnosed with alcohol dependence. Impulsivity was evaluated using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). The Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) and the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) were used to evaluate compulsivity and severity of alcohol dependence, respectively.Results: There was at least one ICD in 24.6% of the alcohol dependent patients. The most commonly encountered subtype was pathological gambling (16.0%) which was followed by intermittent explosive disorder (6.1%) and compulsive shopping (3.7%). 13.5% of the patients were diagnosed with OCD while OCD at a subclinical level was found in 19.8% of them. 46.9% of the patients presented either with "obsessive compulsive traits" or ICD or both. Conclusion:In addition to the evaluation of impulsivity and compulsivity with using scales, OCD and ICD comorbidity was investigated in alcohol dependent patients. Together with the not otherwise specified impulse control disorders, at least one ICD was found in 24.6% of the addicts while 13.5% presented with OCD comorbidity. Bulgular: Alkol bağımlısı bireylerin %24.6'sında en az bir DKB ek tanısı saptandı. En sık rastladığımız alttipi %16.0'lık oranla patolojik kumar oynama olurken, ikinci sıklıkta %6.1 oranıyla aralıklı patlayıcı bozukluk, üçüncü sırada %3.7 sıklıkta bulunan kompulsif alışveriş idi. Hastaların %13.5'i OKB tanısı alırken, %19.8'inde subklinik düzeyde OKB saptandı. Hastaların %46.9'undü 'obsesif kompulsif özellik' ya da DKB'den herhangi biri ya da her ikisi birden bulunmaktaydı.Sonuç: Alkol bağımlılarında dürtüsellik ve kompülsivitenin ölçeklerle değerlendirilmesinin yanında OKB ve DKB ek tanıları da araştırıldı. BTA dürtü kontrol bozuklukları da eklendiğinde alkol bağımlılarının %24.6'sında en az bir DKB ve %13.5'inde OKB ek tanısı eşlik etmekteydi.

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Impulsiveness and compulsiveness in alcoholics and nonalcoholics

Cited by 30 publications

References 4 publications

Alcohol Craving Scale Based on Three Factors

Alcohol Craving Scale Based on Three Factors

A preliminary case study of androgen receptor gene polymorphism association with impulsivity in women with alcoholism

Obsessive compulsive disorder and impulse control disorder comorbidity and evaluation of impulsivity and compulsivity in alcohol dependent patients

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