Impulsive Personality, Parental Monitoring, and Alcohol Outcomes From Adolescence Through Young Adulthood

Adolescent gambling and impulsivity: Does employment during high school moderate the association?

“…Youth with a low perseverance are highly susceptible to boredom and are unmotivated to succeed at work or in school and, therefore, may be easily distracted by an exciting activity (Thompson, Roemer, & Leadbeater, 2015), such as gambling. However, it is important to note that having a job can also be related with perseverance too.…”

Associations of Parental General Monitoring with Adolescent Weight‐Related Behaviors and Weight Status

“…Further, parental presence and communication undergird an approach of positive engagement between parent and child, which should foster healthy child development. Indeed, PGM has been associated with better developmental outcomes broadly , including better school achievement and reduced behavior problems and health‐risk behaviors, such as alcohol intake and substance use . Because parental awareness and communication are fundamental for influencing children’s healthy development, this practice could also influence an adolescent’s everyday behaviors, including DI and PA.…”

Is Personality Associated with Secondhand Harm from Drinking?

“…IMP was also directly related to experiencing threats over and above its association via own drinking. IMP is characterized by poor response inhibition and decision making (Castellanos‐Ryan et al., ; Krank et al., ; Thompson et al., ). Moreover, those high in IMP tend to exhibit quarrelsome behavior during social conflict (aan Het Rot et al., ).…”

“…Those with disinhibited personality traits (SS, IMP) also drink heavily but are motivated by thrill seeking and experimentation (Castellanos‐Ryan and Conrod, ) and exhibit sensitization to the rewarding properties of alcohol (Adams et al., ; Castellanos‐Ryan and Conrod, ; Magid et al., ). More specifically, SS is associated with reward sensitivity and increased likelihood to initiate alcohol use, while IMP is characterized by poor response inhibition that leads to a loss of control over use, both of which are strongly associated with increased quantity and frequency of alcohol use, and high rates of alcohol harm (Castellanos‐Ryan et al., ; Krank et al., ; Thompson et al., ).…”

“…Given previous findings that implicate personality as a driving factor underlying personal alcohol use and harm, it is logical to posit that personality also plays a role in influencing an individual's likelihood of experiencing harm from others drinking. According to the 4‐factor model, for those high in disinhibited traits (IMP, SS), alcohol misuse and harm is related to increased heavy episodic drinking (5 or more drinks for males, 4 or more drinks for females), and high frequent drinking (Castellanos‐Ryan et al., ; Krank et al., ; Thompson et al., ), and for those high in inhibited traits (HOP, AS), drinking to cope with depression and anxiety typically leads to high levels of alcohol use and related harm (Castellanos‐Ryan and Conrod, ; Castellanos‐Ryan et al., ). As secondhand harm stem from exposure to individuals and environments related to alcohol use, it is logical to posit that personality vulnerability may also confer risk for secondhand harm exposure indirectly via the individual's own heavy drinking, which in turn places them at risk for experiencing secondhand harm.…”