Impulse radar evaluation of concrete, asphalt and waterproofing membrane

Electromagnetic inversion in monostatic ground penetrating radar: TEM horn calibration and application

“…In this case, the relationship between the electric part and the magnetic part is given by 4The -th electric current density is located in and is given by (5) being complex components. Using a normalized form for the received fields at the antenna aperture (6) 7the following equation is finally obtained from (3) by summing all contributions: (8) where…”

“…1) to make continuous surveys at the speed of 50-60 km/h with accurate measurements of survey-distance. The performance of GPR systems, in terms of noise, radar-target interaction, and penetration, are optimized when the antenna is placed in the proximity of the investigated medium [8] at heights 0196-2892/00$10.00 © 2000 IEEE ranging from 15 cm up to 25 cm (this is lower than the dominant wavelength 30 cm when 1 ns). Under these conditions, frequencies typically used in GPR applications call for a realistic modeling of the interaction of the GPR antenna with the investigated medium, including phase front curvature and near-field effects both on the scatterer and on the received signal.…”

Venice channel side-wall assessment with GPR technique—a case study

“…Non invasive shallow imaging methods like GPR have recently gained increasing popularity for qualitative and quantitative control of roads, pavements, building foundations and more generally for civil infrastructure assessment (Parry and Davis, 1992;Weil, 1992;Chung et al, 1994). Some authors also assessed the technique potentials for civil-engineering applications in test sites (Grandjean et al, 2000).…”

Determining bridge deck deterioration through the use of 3D photogrammetry

“…Overlays for decks in a deteriorated state typically consist of concrete or bituminous, which can change the deterioration mechanisms. Given most bridge decks start as reinforced concrete, the inspection procedures for concrete bridge decks will be concentrated on (Chung et al 1994). Overlays are beyond the scope of this project.…”

“…Several different techniques have been developed to help the bridge inspector gain a more accurate assessment of bridge deck condition. Because the majority of the bridge decks in the U.S. are constructed from reinforced concrete (Chung et al 1994) Chain dragging is a tried and true non-destructive inspection technique for bridge inspectors to locate the presence of delaminations in the concrete bridge deck. The chain dragging technique works by dragging chains across the bridge deck surface while the inspector listens to the acoustic response.…”