Improving the sensitivity of optical biosensors by means of Bloch surface waves

Danz, Norbert; Sinibaldi, Alberto; Michelotti, Francesco; Descrovi, Emiliano; Munzert, Peter; Schulz, Ulrike; Sonntag, Frank

doi:10.1515/bmt-2012-4246

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Surface waves which are confined to the interface between a homogeneous medium and a multilayer dielectric structure (MDS) [ 33 ] such as a finite one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPhC) or Bragg mirror have found a large number of applications similar to the SPPs [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. Light confinement in the surface waves, which are referred to as Bloch surface waves (BSWs), occurs near the multilayer surface and it is caused by the total internal reflection (TIR) from the homogeneous layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the dielectric materials of the photonic crystal, sensors based on BSWs are characterized by mechanical and chemical stability, thus enabling operation in aggressive environments. Consequently, BSWs have emerged as an effective alternative to SPPs [ 43 , 58 ] and have been utilized in a number of BSW based sensors [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ], especially in biosensing [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Similarly to SPR based sensors, Bloch surface wave resonance (BSWR) based sensing is with a special emphasis on the measured quantity such as phase [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ] or intensity [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bloch Surface Wave Resonance Based Sensors as an Alternative to Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors

Gryga

Ciprián

Hlubina

2020

Sensors

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We report on a highly sensitive measurement of the relative humidity (RH) of moist air using both the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Bloch surface wave resonance (BSWR). Both resonances are resolved in the Kretschmann configuration when the wavelength interrogation method is utilized. The SPR is revealed for a multilayer plasmonic structure of SF10/Cr/Au, while the BSWR is resolved for a multilayer dielectric structure (MDS) comprising four bilayers of TiO2/SiO2 with a rough termination layer of TiO2. The SPR effect is manifested by a dip in the reflectance of a p-polarized wave, and a shift of the dip with the change in the RH, or equivalently with the change in the refractive index of moist air is revealed, giving a sensitivity in a range of 0.042–0.072 nm/%RH. The BSWR effect is manifested by a dip in the reflectance of the spectral interference of s- and p-polarized waves, which represents an effective approach in resolving the resonance with maximum depth. For the MDS under study, the BSWRs were resolved within two band gaps, and for moist air we obtained sensitivities of 0.021–0.038 nm/%RH and 0.046–0.065 nm/%RH, respectively. We also revealed that the SPR based RH measurement is with the figure of merit (FOM) up to 4.7 × 10−4 %RH−1, while BSWR based measurements have FOMs as high as 3.0 × 10−3 %RH−1 and 1.1 × 10−3 %RH−1, respectively. The obtained spectral interferometry based results demonstrate that the BSWR based sensor employing the available MDS has a similar sensitivity as the SPR based sensor, but outperforms it in the FOM. BSW based sensors employing dielectrics thus represent an effective alternative with a number of advantages, including better mechanical and chemical stability than metal films used in SPR sensing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bloch Surface Wave Resonance Based Sensors as an Alternative to Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors

Gryga

Ciprián

Hlubina

2020

Sensors

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“…21 Studies of the specific BSW sensing properties have been proposed and demonstrated, including an experimental determination of BSW sensitivity, 22 a direct comparison of BSW and SPP sensors 23 and the experimentally achieved improvement of sensitivity with BSWs in comparison to SPPs. 24 Sensing applications include chemical and biosensing, [25][26][27] gas sensing 28 and fluorescence emission enhancement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating Bloch surface waves in 2D: a platform concept-based flat lens

et al. 2014

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At the end of the 1970s, it was confirmed that dielectric multilayers can sustain Bloch surface waves (BSWs). However, BSWs were not widely studied until more recently. Taking advantage of their high-quality factor, sensing applications have focused on BSWs. Thus far, no work has been performed to manipulate and control the natural surface propagations in terms of defined functions with two-dimensional (2D) components, targeting the realization of a 2D system. In this study, we demonstrate that 2D photonic components can be implemented by coating an in-plane shaped ultrathin ( l/15) polymer layer on the dielectric multilayer. The presence of the polymer modifies the local effective refractive index, enabling direct manipulation of the BSW. By locally shaping the geometries of the 2D components, the BSW can be deflected, diffracted, focused and coupled with 2D freedom. Enabling BSW manipulation in 2D, the dielectric multilayer can play a new role as a robust platform for 2D optics, which can pave the way for integration in photonic chips. Multiheterodyne near-field measurements are used to study light propagation through micro-and nano-optical components. We demonstrate that a lens-shaped polymer layer can be considered as a 2D component based on the agreement between near-field measurements and theoretical calculations. Both the focal shift and the resolution of a 2D BSW lens are measured for the first time. The proposed platform enables the design of 2D all-optical integrated systems, which have numerous potential applications, including molecular sensing and photonic circuits. Keywords: Bloch surface wave; 2D optics; manipulation; micro-and nano-optics; nanophotonics; platform INTRODUCTION One or several elements are considered to comprise a two-dimensional (2D) optical system if they fulfill two conditions. First, the in-plane light propagation must have two spatial non-imaginary propagation constants. Second, the corresponding optical elements should have a 2D degree of freedom in shape. The previous statements may appear to imply that the reduction from three-dimensional (3D) to 2D is primarily a reduction in the degree of freedom. However, one of the main advantages is that 2D elements can have arbitrary shapes, which is difficult to achieve in 3D.There are various methods for addressing a 2D optical environment. One approach is represented by the use of wave-guiding media wherein the light is confined and propagated in a sandwiched structure. However, in the case of slab waveguides, the light is almost completely buried in the inner layers of the waveguide; thus, direct spatial mapping remains difficult or impossible. As an alternative to waveguides, a second route for 2D optics is represented by surface plasmons (SPPs) on smooth planar or structured metallic films. SPPs are electronic-electromagnetic modes sustained at an appropriate metallic/dielectric interface wherein the field reaches its maximum intensity at the surface of the metal.

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“…Examples include Bloch-like surface waves as proposed in the study of V. Koju et al [3]. In further studies BSWs have been compared to SPPs and extensively exploited in sensing applications [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of the propagation properties of bloch surface waves on dielectric multilayer platform

Dubey

Barakat

Häyrinen

et al. 2017

J. Eur. Opt. Soc.-Rapid Publ.

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Background: The periodic dielectric multilayers sustaining Bloch surface waves have been proposed as a platform for the sensing applications and the two dimensional integrated optics. In this paper, we present the experimental and theoretical investigation of propagation properties of Bloch surface waves, for example propagation length and refractive index of the surface mode, at the interface of a dielectric multilayer platform. We use thin layers (~λ/25) of titanium dioxide as an additional layer of high index material. Methods: We exploit multi-heterodyne scanning near-field optical microscopy and total internal reflection configuration as a near-field and far-field characterization tools. Results: The longest propagation length is achieved when the multilayer is designed to have the dispersion curve positioned close to the middle of the photonics band gap. We measure a Bloch surface wave mode of propagation length 3.24 mm and of an effective refractive index contrast 0.15. Conclusions: The experimental results are in conformity with theoretical results. This study paves a way to realize efficient and compact two dimensional components and systems.

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Improving the sensitivity of optical biosensors by means of Bloch surface waves

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Bloch Surface Wave Resonance Based Sensors as an Alternative to Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors

Bloch Surface Wave Resonance Based Sensors as an Alternative to Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors

Manipulating Bloch surface waves in 2D: a platform concept-based flat lens

Experimental investigation of the propagation properties of bloch surface waves on dielectric multilayer platform

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