Improving the performance of P300 BCI system using different methods

Summary of over Fifty Years with Brain-Computer Interfaces—A Review

“…Spellers can be P300-, SSVEP-or motor imagery-based (event-related (de)synchronization (ERD/ERS)) [96,[110][111][112][113]. Despite being very basic, they are able to provide some kind of independence for patients, who are unable to communicate in any way, such those with the ALS or locked-in patients [96,112,[114][115][116]. This is because most of the BCI paradigms rely on Event-Related Potentials (ERPs), such as among the others P300 and SSVEP [114,115,117,118].…”

“…The P300 can apply either standard (passive) or "oddball" paradigms (uncommon, unconventional stimulus) [120,121]. The use of P300 BCI requires very little user-training, which makes it easy to apply [18,112,116].…”

“…One of the most popular P300 applications are the P300 spellers, which were first introduced in 1988 by Farwell and Donchin [69,116]. It is based on rare stimuli, which occur as a positive deflection 300 ms after it [116,117].…”

“…One of the most popular P300 applications are the P300 spellers, which were first introduced in 1988 by Farwell and Donchin [69,116]. It is based on rare stimuli, which occur as a positive deflection 300 ms after it [116,117]. P300-based spellers require patient to choose appropriate character from a 6 × 6 or 5 × 5 matrix [112,114,116] or to control a wheelchair [117].…”

“…It is based on rare stimuli, which occur as a positive deflection 300 ms after it [116,117]. P300-based spellers require patient to choose appropriate character from a 6 × 6 or 5 × 5 matrix [112,114,116] or to control a wheelchair [117]. Another interesting P300 application is mouse emulation device (MED) for users with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) with the accuracy of 82% and response time below 149 s. The study participants showed interest in using such BCI application on a regular basis [122].…”