Improving the mechanical properties of the B319 aluminum alloy by addition of cerium

Aghaie, Ermia; Stroh, Joshua; Sediako, D.; Rashidi, Armin; Milani, Abbas S.

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2020.139899

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…pct. [18] To link this research with engineering practice, the experimental Al5Ce3Si0.5Mg cast hypoeutectic composition used in this study was designed based on the commercial A356 (Al-7Si-0.3Mg, wt. pct) grade by substituting a portion of Si with Ce.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum Cast Alloys Based on the Al–Ce–Si–Mg System: An Influence of Silicon on Crystallization, Phase Composition, and Tensile Properties

Czerwiński

Amirkhiz

2022

Metall Mater Trans A

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An attempt at strengthening the aluminum-cerium-based alloys through additions of silicon was assessed using the experimental Al5Ce3Si0.5Mg (wt. pct) cast hypoeutectic composition, designed based on the commercial A356 (Al–7Si–0.3Mg, wt pct) grade by substituting a portion of Si with Ce. To determine a role of Si, the Al5Ce0.5Mg (wt. pct) reference was cast and tested under identical conditions. An addition of 3 wt. pct Si to the Al5Ce0.5Mg base increased the room temperature yield stress almost three times, from 47 to 135 MPa, but reduced its elongation by an order of magnitude from 8 pct to that below 1 pct. A presence of Si led also to essential changes in the alloy crystallization with the melting range widened substantially from 10 °C to 91 °C mainly due to a reduction in the solidus level. As-cast microstructure of the Al5Ce0.5Mg base consisting the primary αAl along with 44 pct of the αAl + Al11Ce3 eutectic was replaced in the Al5Ce3Si0.5Mg alloy with the αAl + AlCeSi2 coarse lamellae ternary eutectic, bulky compounds having the Ce-rich core of AlCe2Si with external shell of Al2CeSi2 along with the quaternary eutectic of fine αAl, Si, Al2MgSi/Al2Mg2Si, and Al–Si–Mg-Ce phases. The fractographic analysis revealed that additions of Si caused a transition from largely ductile fracture to the predominantly brittle mode with crack paths propagating mainly along the interface between the coarse AlCeSi2 lamellae and Al(Si, Mg) solid solution, which explains the measured drastic reduction in the alloy elongation. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum Cast Alloys Based on the Al–Ce–Si–Mg System: An Influence of Silicon on Crystallization, Phase Composition, and Tensile Properties

Czerwiński

Amirkhiz

2022

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…Limited research is available on the Al 23 Ce 4 Ni 6 phase regarding its solidification kinetics. In the early 2000s, Gout et al [33] concluded that the Al 23 Ce 4 Ni 6 phase crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m, the cell parameters for which are a = 16.042 (8), b = 4.140 (4), c = 18.380 (8) Å, and β = 113.24 (5) • . Typically, this ternary phase is accompanied by Al 11 Ce 3 and Al 3 Ni in ternary Al-Ce-Ni alloys; however, the results from [10] and ThermoCalc TM were in agreement that Al 3 Ni did not form in the Al-Ce-Ni-Mn alloy.…”

Section: Thermocalc Tm Scheil Solidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solidification Kinetics of an Al-Ce Alloy with Additions of Ni and Mn

Kozakevich

Stroh

Sediako

et al. 2023

Metals

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Heat-treated aluminum–silicon (Al-Si)-based alloys have dominated the cast lightweight alloy industry for several decades. However, in the last decade, Al-Ce-based alloys have shown promise in replacing Al-Si alloys as they remove the need for costly heat treatments. As the properties of Al-Ce alloys depend on the as-cast microstructure, it is important to characterize the solidification kinetics of these alloys. Therefore, this study focused on characterizing the solidification of an Al-Ce alloy with additions of Ni and Mn (nominal composition Al-12.37Ce-3.26Ni-0.94Mn-0.12Fe in weight percent). The alloy was cast in a wedge mold configuration, resulting in cooling rates between 0.18 and 14.27 °C/s. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with the energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques characterized the evolution rate of solid phases. The SEM/EDS data revealed that an Al10CeMn2 phase was present at higher cooling rates. At lower cooling rates, near the center of the casting, a primary Al23Ce4Ni6 phase was more present. It was observed that up to 2.6 atomic percent (at.%) of Mn was dissolved in this primary Al23Ce4Ni6 phase, thereby removing a large portion of the available Mn for forming the Al10CeMn2 phase. DSC analysis showed differences in the samples’ liquidus temperatures, which indicated compositional variations. Inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Scheil solidification simulations correlated the compositional differences with phase formation, which agreed with the SEM and DSC results. This experiment provides insight into novel Al-Ce-Ni-Mn alloys and where their potential lies in industrial applications.

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“…Chemical modification of the molten liquid has been examined to hinder Si segregation, by the addition of Na [11,12] and P [13,14]. Likewise, chemical modification by rare earth elements microalloying have been studied for Ce [15,16], Sr [5,17], Y [18,19], La [20], Eu [21,22], Yb [23] and Nd [24]. Chemical modification often leads to thermodynamically favorable phases other than primary Silicon, thereby reducing the degree of Si segregation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cooling Rate on Nano-Eutectic Formation in Laser Surface Remelted and Rare Earth Modified Hypereutectic Al-20Si Alloys

et al. 2022

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Laser Surface Remelting (LSR) was applied to arc-melted Al-20Si-0.2Sr, Al-20Si-0.2Ce, and Al-20Si hypereutectic alloys to refine microstructures. Experiments revealed that microstructures in the melt pool varied from fully eutectic to a mixture of Al dendrites and inter-dendritic eutectic. We calculated cooling rates using the Eagar-Tsai model and correlated cooling rates with characteristic microstructures, revealing that a cooling rate on the order of 104 K/s could lead to maximized fully eutectic microstructure morphology. Due to rapid solidification, the Si composition in the LSR eutectic was measured at 18.2 wt.%, higher than the equilibrium eutectic composition of 12.6 wt.%Si. Compared to Al-20Si, Ce addition had no significant effect on the volume fraction of the fully eutectic structure but refined Si fibers to approximately 30 nm in diameter. Sr addition did not further refine the diameter of eutectic Si fibers compared to Al-20Si but increased the volume fraction of the fully eutectic microstructure morphology. The refinement ratio (φ) of the Si fiber diameter from the bottom of the melt pool to the surface for the three alloys was similar, at around 28%. The established correlation between the cooling rate and the size and morphology of the microstructure within the melt pool will enable tailoring of the microstructure in laser-processed as well as deposited alloys for high strength and plasticity.

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Improving the mechanical properties of the B319 aluminum alloy by addition of cerium

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

Aluminum Cast Alloys Based on the Al–Ce–Si–Mg System: An Influence of Silicon on Crystallization, Phase Composition, and Tensile Properties

Aluminum Cast Alloys Based on the Al–Ce–Si–Mg System: An Influence of Silicon on Crystallization, Phase Composition, and Tensile Properties

Solidification Kinetics of an Al-Ce Alloy with Additions of Ni and Mn

Effect of Cooling Rate on Nano-Eutectic Formation in Laser Surface Remelted and Rare Earth Modified Hypereutectic Al-20Si Alloys

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