Improving the flexibility of power systems using transportable battery, transmission switching, demand response, and flexible ramping product market in the presence of high wind power

Abstract

With the increasing demand for electricity and the significant growth of renewable energy sources (RES), especially wind power, the need for new services to increase system flexibility has increased more than ever. Flexibility services can enhance system security. This paper proposes a framework for enhancing system flexibility by integrating emerging services for running the day‐ahead energy, spinning, and flexible ramping product (FRP) markets, considering high wind power penetration. Due to the uncertainty of wind power production, this framework is presented as a stochastic network‐constraint unit commitment (NCUC) problem. The services that are implemented simultaneously in the problem include transmission switching (TS), demand response (DR) program, and transportable battery energy storage (TBES). Moreover, two new indices are introduced to evaluate the effects of flexibility services. Another contribution of this paper is performing comprehensive studies for comparing various case studies in normal and the worst contingency conditions of the network. The IEEE RTS‐79 test system is employed to approve the effectiveness of the proposed framework. The results of various case studies show that using emerging services together increases power grid flexibility and reduces system operating costs.

Optimal Capacity and Operational Planning for Renewable Energy-Based Microgrid Considering Different Demand-Side Management Strategies

“…Flexibility is the power system's capacity to balance electricity supply and demand when highly variable energy resources are incorporated [5]. Notably, ESS provides the necessary temporal support to offset the variabilities of VRE, and dispatchable power plants a quick ramping up generation supplement in times of low wind and solar [6]. The transmission networks offer geographical smoothing to balance the supply and demand in the system [7,8].…”