Improving the contrast of topographical AFM images by a simple averaging filter

Kienberger, Ferry; Pastushenko, V. F.; Kada, Gerald; Puntheeranurak, Theeraporn; Chtcheglova, Lilia A.; Riethmueller, C.; Rankl, Christian; Ebner, Andreas; Hinterdorfer, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.ultramic.2005.11.013

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Recently, enhancing image contrast by subtraction of a smoothed image from the raw image has been used for better visualizing the image objects [31]. The subtraction method is equivalent to extraction of edge features.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DeStripe: frequency-based algorithm for removing stripe noises from AFM images

Chen

Pellequer

2011

BMC Struct Biol

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BackgroundAtomic force microscopy (AFM) is a relatively recently developed technique that shows a promising impact in the field of structural biology and biophysics. It has been used to image the molecular surface of membrane proteins at a lateral resolution of one nanometer or less. An immediate obstacle of characterizing surface features in AFM images is stripe noise. To better interpret structures at a sub-domain level, pre-processing of AFM images for removing stripe noises is necessary. Noise removal can be performed in either spatial or frequency domain. However, denoising processing in the frequency domain is a better solution for preserving edge sharpness.ResultsWe have developed a denoising protocol, called DeStripe, for AFM bio-molecular images that are contaminated with heavy and fine stripes. This program adopts a divide-and-conquer approach by dividing the Fourier spectrum of the image into central and off-center regions for noisy pixels detection and intensity restoration; it is also applicable to other images interfered with high-density stripes such as those acquired by the scanning electron microscope. The denoising effect brought by DeStripe provides better visualization for image objects without introducing additional artifacts into the restored image.ConclusionsThe DeStripe denoising effect on AFM images is illustrated in the present work. It allows extracting extended information from the topographic measurements and implicitly enhances the molecular features in the image. All the presented images were processed by DeStripe with the raw image as the only input without any requirement for other prior information. A web service, http://biodev.cea.fr/destripe, is available for running DeStripe.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DeStripe: frequency-based algorithm for removing stripe noises from AFM images

Chen

Pellequer

2011

BMC Struct Biol

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“…In addition to evaluation of interaction forces between the tip and model surfaces, AFM can also produce two-dimensional chemical affinity maps by modifying the cantilever tip with specific molecules [19]. In such a way, it is possible to characterize differently responding regions on the material's surface, resulting in a better understanding and, consequently, application of the examined materials [20]. In this way even quantitative data can be gathered, which can be used to identify the forces involved in specific biological systems [21].…”

Section: Force Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Characterization with the Atomic Force Microscope

Maver¹,

Maver²,

Peršin³

et al. 2013

Polymer Science

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“…True morphology can be partially reconstructed using procedures based on tip shape estimation (Keller & Franke, 1993). In many cases the simple mathematical procedure such as subtraction of the smoothed data from the original data greatly improves the image contrast and quality (Kienberger et al, 2006). This method is applicable not only for tall objects, but also for small particles on a flat surface.…”

Section: Measurements Of Tall Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%