Improving technical fitness of race walkers on the basis of special exercises to focus on key parameters of movements

Abstract

In race walking, the reliability of competitive activity, the risks of disqualification are determined by athlete's stable control of the key motion characteristics at a distance, especially in the face of fatigue. Therefore, the formation of specialized sensations in an athlete to control these movements is an important condition for sports technique improvement. Hypothesis of study: the use of special exercises to increase the analytical perception of motion key parameters will increase the effectiveness of race walking technique, control for fatigue development. Objective of study: to show the possibilities of increasing special fitness in race walking through the use of special exercises, improvement of the analytical perception of motion key parameters. Subjects and methods of study: 10 athletes aged 17-20 years and engaged in sports training for 4-6 years participated in the study. Special exercises, assessment of race walking technique (video shooting) before and after their performance within three weeks (10 sessions) were used. Results: it is shown that the targeted use of special exercises with the analysis of subjective sensations creates conditions for the activation in the athlete of specialized perceptions for the basic sports technique elements. After the use of special exercises, the increase in speed was due to an increase in the stride length - 1.14 m (S = 0.04), relative to the initial one - 1.09 m (S = 0.03) (p < 0.01). The stride length increase in athletes occurred at the expense of the length of the “rear” stride ( = 0.43 м; S = 0.02) at statistically significant differences from the initial indices. This created the prerequisites for improving athletic performance. Conclusions. Special exercises focusing on key parameters of movements contribute to increase of technical fitness of race walkers. The proposed approach creates the prerequisites for further research on the formation of the motor composition of the skill of body position accuracy, the development of sensations of free movement, inertia, liberation from excessive degrees of freedom in the parts of the body with account for the functional state of the athlete.

The Technique of Elite Athletes Specialized in 50 Km Race Walk

“…Taking into account the fact that in the training process of athletes specialized in race walk, the major means is the competitive exercise [5,6], performed within different intensity zones, the complex consideration of various fitness aspects, tactical, technical, and physical, in particular, is of great importance. This cannot but force the detailed analysis of competitive activity tactics and technique as the basis for further improvement of their training process [1,18,19,20].…”

Influence of taping on athletes’ psychomotor possibilities in sprint

“…The exercises are performed on a straight line of 30-40 meters, in competitive sports shoes (studded shoes), in summer, you | 2020 | ISSUE -| VOLUME --© 2020 University of Alicante can perform the initial exercises barefoot at a distance of 15-20 m. Just 2-3 passes after taping each part of the foot for the appearance of depreciation and 'track recoil after repulsion'. The similar technology for developing athletes' sensations was tested while learning the technique of sports walking (Vinogradova, Sovenko, 2020).…”

“…The determinants of the accuracy of 'sensory discrimination and perception', kinaesthetic perceptions of the main temporal characteristics of movement (duration, pace and rhythm, speed and time sequence of movements) depend on different factors. They are the specifics of athletes' motor activity (Bernstein, 1991;Platonov, 2013); the characteristics of a separate temporal component of movements (Popov, 2008;Thompson, 2013); the level of sportsmanship (Platonov, 2017); the interaction of visual, auditory and musculoskeletal analysers (Anokhin, 1980;Haverdovsky, 2007;Vinogradova, Sovenko, 2020).…”

Improving spatio-temporal stride parameters, lower limb muscles activity and race walkers’ records after 12-weeks special exercises using rhythmic auditory

“…It's not surprising that articles on biomechanics and coaching have focused on these two variables. The literature that deals with the study of the men racewalkers stated that step length (Mean ±SD) from 1.11 ±0.09 to 1.25 ±.05m, and step cadence (Mean ±SD) from 3.08 ±.28 to 3.34 ±.12Hz (Cairns, 1984;Hanley, 2014;Hanley et al, 2017;Hoga-Miura et al, 2017;Lafortune et al, 1989;J Padulo, 2015;Vinogradova & Sovenko, 2020).…”