Improving physiological N-use efficiency by increasing harvest index in rice: a case in super-hybrid cultivar Guiliangyou 2

Huang, Min; Chen, Jiana; Cao, Fuliang; Jiang, Ligeng; Zou, Yingbin; Deng, Guiping

doi:10.1080/03650340.2015.1082031

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In the present study, the more number of spikelets and the greater single-leaf photosynthetic rate during the middle and late grain filling period might be partially responsible for the increased harvest index under addition of earthworm casts. Moreover, it has been reported that increase in harvest index is beneficial to increase the physiological N-use efficiency in rice [28]. Consistently, in this study, the physiological N-use efficiency was increased by addition of earthworm casts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Also, partly because of the increased aboveground biomass, the more number of spikelets was achieved not at the expense of spikelet filling percentage and grain weight under addition of earthworm casts. Although it is generally accepted that improvement in rice yield may be driven from the increased biomass production rather than harvest index [16, 25, 26], there have been reports showing that raising rice yield is possible by increasing harvest index [27, 28]. In the present study, the increased rice yield under addition of earthworm casts was attributed to increases in both biomass production and harvest index.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

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Rice Yield and the Fate of Fertilizer Nitrogen as Affected by Addition of Earthworm Casts Collected from Oilseed Rape Fields: A Pot Experiment

et al. 2016

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The mechanism associated with improvement of soil nutritional status by oilseed rape crop, leading to better performance of rice crop, in rice-oilseed rape cropping systems is little known. The present study was aimed to test the hypothesis that earthworm casts produced during oilseed rape-growing season have positive effects on grain yield and fertilizer nitrogen (N) utilization in the subsequent flooded rice crop. A 15N-tracing pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of earthworm casts collected from oilseed rape fields on yield attributes in rice and the fate of fertilizer N. Soil treated with earthworm casts (soil: earthworm casts = 4: 1, w/w) (EC1) produced 39% higher grain yield than soil only (EC0). EC1 had 18% more panicle number and 10% higher spikelet filling percentage than EC0. Aboveground biomass and harvest index were higher in EC1 than in EC0 by 20% and 15%, respectively. SPAD values in flag leaves were 10% and 22% higher under EC1 than EC0 at 15 and 20 days after heading, respectively. EC1 had 19% higher total N uptake and 18% higher physiological N-use efficiency than EC0. These positive effects of earthworm casts on yield attributes offset negative effects of decreasing N rate from 0.74 g pot–1 (equivalent to the recommended field rate of 150 kg ha–1) to 0.44 g pot–1 (equivalent to 60% of the recommended rate). Fertilizer N retention rate was 7% higher while fertilizer N loss rate was 6% lower in EC1 than in EC0. Our study suggests that earthworm casts produced during oilseed rape-growing season are expected to have the following benefits on the subsequent flooded rice system: (1) improving growth and physiological processes in rice plants and consequently increasing rice grain yield, and (2) increasing fertilizer N retention rate and hence decreasing fertilizer N loss rate and reducing environmental risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Rice Yield and the Fate of Fertilizer Nitrogen as Affected by Addition of Earthworm Casts Collected from Oilseed Rape Fields: A Pot Experiment

et al. 2016

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“…These results indicate that higher grain yield can be obtained after longer continuous applications of biochar by increasing internal N use efficiency. There is evidence that increasing harvest index is one possible way to achieve high internal N use efficiency in rice 41 . However, this was not the case in the present study because harvest index was significantly decreased with biochar application (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous applications of biochar to rice: Effects on nitrogen uptake and utilization

Huang

Fan

Chen

et al. 2018

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Improving soil quality is critical for increasing rice yield, and biochar could be a beneficial soil amendment for high yield. This study was conducted to determine the effects of continuous (repeated seasonal) applications of biochar on nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization in rice. A fixed field experiment was done in Yongan Town, Hunan Province, China, in six continuous seasons (the early and late rice-growing seasons from 2015 to 2017). Results showed that biochar application did not significantly affect soil N uptake in the first four seasons. The effect of biochar application on fertilizer N uptake was not significant in three of the first four seasons. In the fifth and sixth seasons, biochar application resulted in 14–26% increases in soil N uptake but 19–26% decreases in fertilizer N uptake. Soil N availability did not explain the increased soil N uptake with biochar application. The decreased fertilizer N uptake with biochar application was attributed to both decreased fertilizer N availability and increased N loss through ammonia volatilization. As a consequence of a compensation between the increased soil N uptake and the decreased fertilizer N uptake, the effect of biochar application on total N uptake was not significant in the fifth and sixth seasons. However, biochar application led to 7–11% increases in internal N use efficiency in the fifth and sixth seasons and 6% increase in grain yield in the sixth season. Our study suggests that the effects of repeated seasonal applications of biochar on N uptake and utilization in rice depend on the duration of biochar application. Longer continuous applications of biochar can increase internal N use efficiency and grain yield in rice with insignificant change in total N uptake.

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“…However, these super hybrid rice varieties demand a greater amount of water and fertilizer, and they are sensitive to both water and N deficiency ( Wu et al, 2008 ; Xue et al, 2013 ). Previous researchers investigated the pattern of N demand in super hybrid rice varieties ( Li et al, 2012 , 2014 ; Huang et al, 2016 ). A theory and technique of postponing N application was proposed, and the effects of postponed N application on photosynthesis, as well as the characteristics and yield of rice were reported ( Zhang et al, 2011 ; Long et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to Nitrogen Deficiency and Compensation on Physiological Characteristics, Yield Formation, and Nitrogen Utilization of Rice

et al. 2018

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Based on the theory of ecological crop nutrient deficiency and compensation effect, the nitrogen (N) deficiency at tillering stage and N compensation at young panicle differentiation stage in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was selected to study. Four N treatments were treated, and the effects of N deficiency and compensation were investigated on grain yield, N uptake and utilization and the physiological characteristics of rice. The results showed that the yield per plant presented an equivalent compensatory effect. Double N compensation led to superiority in the number of effective panicle per plant, increased the activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase. The content of endogenous growth-inhibitory hormone abscisic acid (ABA) decreased in the leaves, photosynthesis was enhanced, and the number of tillers per plant increased after double N compensation. During maturation stage, the panicle dry weigh in T1 (double N compensation at young panicle differentiation stage, after N deficiency at tillering stage) was higher than that in CK1 (constant supply of N throughout different stages of growth) and the biomass per plant in T1 increased by 1.47% compared with CK1. N contents in all organs, N accumulation, and total N content were all higher in T1 during maturation stage. Moreover, N agronomic efficiency, N physiological efficiency, and N partial factor productivity were optimized for T1 and CK2 (constant N compensation at young panicle differentiation stage, after N deficiency at tillering stage) compared with CK1. This study contributes to the understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying the compensation of N deficiency in rice.

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Improving physiological N-use efficiency by increasing harvest index in rice: a case in super-hybrid cultivar Guiliangyou 2

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Rice Yield and the Fate of Fertilizer Nitrogen as Affected by Addition of Earthworm Casts Collected from Oilseed Rape Fields: A Pot Experiment

Rice Yield and the Fate of Fertilizer Nitrogen as Affected by Addition of Earthworm Casts Collected from Oilseed Rape Fields: A Pot Experiment

Continuous applications of biochar to rice: Effects on nitrogen uptake and utilization

Response to Nitrogen Deficiency and Compensation on Physiological Characteristics, Yield Formation, and Nitrogen Utilization of Rice

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