Improving oil quality by altering levels of fatty acids through marker-assisted selection of ahfad2 alleles in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Abstract

Peanut plays a key role to the livelihood of millions in the world especially in Arid and Semi-Arid regions. Peanut with high oleic acid content aids to increase shelf-life of peanut oil as well as food products and extends major health benefits to the consumers. In peanut, ahFAD2 gene controls quantity of two major fatty acids viz, oleic and linoleic acids. These two fatty acids together with palmitic acid constitute 90% fat composition in peanut and regulate the quality of peanut oil. Here, two ahfad2 alleles from SunOleic 95R were introgressed into ICGV 05141 using marker-assisted selection. Marker-assisted breeding effectively increased oleic acid and oleic to linoleic acid ratio in recombinant lines up to 44% and 30%, respectively as compared to ICGV 05141. In addition to improved oil quality, the recombinant lines also had superiority in pod yield together with desired pod/seed attributes. Realizing the health benefits and ever increasing demand in domestic and international market, the high oleic peanut recombinant lines will certainly boost the economical benefits to the Indian farmers in addition to ensuring availability of high oleic peanuts to the traders and industry.

Translational genomics for achieving higher genetic gains in groundnut

“…The sixth successful MABC effort improved oil quality by altering levels of fatty acid and increasing oleic to acid up to ~ 80% in the Indian popular variety, ICGV 05141, a high oil content genotype selected based on multiplication trials (Bera et al 2018). ICAR-DGR also targeted FDR variety, GPBD 4, and improved its oleic acid to 80% using MABC approach (seventh effort) by deploying allele-specific and CAPS markers (Nawade et al 2019).…”

Advances in Crop Improvement and Delivery Research for Nutritional Quality and Health Benefits of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

“…The same could be said of other aspects, not only of groundnut crop improvement research, but of many other crops. Nevertheless, as shown in this article, ICRISAT together with its partners are doing their best to bridge this disconnect and has already achieved success by integrating genomics in breeding to develop disease resistant (Varshney et al, 2014), high oleate (Janila et al, 2016;Bera et al, 2018), and low allergen lines (Pandey et al, 2019c) among others.…”

“…Techniques such as HybProbe SNP assay (Bernard et al, 1998) and multiplex realtime PCR assay (Barkley et al, 2010) were also utilized in selecting the heterozygous and homozygous breeding lines for both mutant alleles. Recently, high-oleic lines have been developed using MAS and MABC in Spanish and Virginia Bunch varieties in India (Janila et al, 2016;Bera et al, 2018). The use of markers in breeding considerably reduced the time and population size in different backcross generations.…”

Translational genomics and molecular breeding for enhancing precision and efficiency in crop improvement programs: Some examples in legumes

“…For example, MABC scheme has enabled introgression of foliar disease resistant QTL from GBPD 4 (a disease resistant donor) into susceptible cultivars ICGV 91114, JL 24 and TAG 24 (Varshney et al 2014c) and TMV 2 (Kolekar et al 2017). In a similar manner, MAS for ahfad2 alleles using allele specific (AS)-PCR and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers has facilitated rapid recovery of introgression/ recombinant lines with increased oleic acid and high O:L ratio (Janila et al 2016a, Bera et al 2018.…”