Translational genomics and molecular breeding for enhancing precision and efficiency in crop improvement programs: Some examples in legumes

Bharadwaj, Chellapilla; Radhakrishnan, T.; Singh, Narendra Pratap; Varshney, Rajeev K.

doi:10.31742/ijgpb.79s.1.13

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…In precision breeding, selections are based on the polymorphic genic regions linked with a trait of interest. Availability of genomic resources are of utmost important for development of FMs and their use in precision breeding [ 10 ]. At the core of genomic innovations are complete genome sequences of cultivated crop species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Markers for Precision Plant Breeding

Salgotra

Stewart

2020

IJMS

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Advances in molecular biology including genomics, high-throughput sequencing, and genome editing enable increasingly faster and more precise cultivar development. Identifying genes and functional markers (FMs) that are highly associated with plant phenotypic variation is a grand challenge. Functional genomics approaches such as transcriptomics, targeting induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING), homologous recombinant (HR), association mapping, and allele mining are all strategies to identify FMs for breeding goals, such as agronomic traits and biotic and abiotic stress resistance. The advantage of FMs over other markers used in plant breeding is the close genomic association of an FM with a phenotype. Thereby, FMs may facilitate the direct selection of genes associated with phenotypic traits, which serves to increase selection efficiencies to develop varieties. Herein, we review the latest methods in FM development and how FMs are being used in precision breeding for agronomic and quality traits as well as in breeding for biotic and abiotic stress resistance using marker assisted selection (MAS) methods. In summary, this article describes the use of FMs in breeding for development of elite crop cultivars to enhance global food security goals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Markers for Precision Plant Breeding

Salgotra

Stewart

2020

IJMS

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“…More recently, fast-track development of drought tolerant 'Pusa chickpea 10216' was demonstrated by transferring "QTL-hotspot" genomic region from ICC 4958. Development of various molecular breeding products in chickpea has been discussed in detail elsewhere (Bohra et al 2019.…”

Section: Marker-assisted Backcrossingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next generation breeding in pulses: Present status and future directions

Kumar

Mir

Sharma

et al. 2021

Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol.

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Human population growth in combination with changing patterns of global food consumption under climate change is posing formidable challenge to attaining sustainable global food security. Besides being economically viable sources of plant based protein for human consumption, pulses are also beneficial for the environment owing to their inherent capacity of nitrogen fixation. Hence, further development of pulses has become imperative in the vigorously transitional global scenario where flourishing anthropogenic activities are triggering irreplaceable depletion of natural resources. During past years, considerable attention has been given on the use of next generation sequencing for enriching the genomic resources in pulse crops including high-throughput DNA markers, candidate gene(s) and QTLs for predicting plant phenotypes, and whole genome sequences. With refinements in DNA sequencing technologies and computational analytical tools, the rapidly grown numbers of sequenced pulse genomes offer novel insights on crop evolution and breeding history.Integration of new-generation genomic and phenomic tools with generation acceleration procedures like genomic selection and speed breeding could greatly accelerate progress in pulses genetic improvement. The present review discusses current status and future scope of using next-generation breeding approaches in pulses that will cause not only an increase in the rate of developing climateresilient superior cultivars but also help to reach to goal of global food security.

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“…SNPs have been recognized as effective and used in genetic material-aided breeding of cluster bean, pigeon pea, winged bean, cowpea, and dolichos bean. As the desired markers are recognized, it provides us a pathway for mapping traits of concern going toward cloning as well as fine mapping (Bohra et al, 2019 ; Nawaz and Chung, 2020 ). This review article will provide a brief overview of multi-omics techniques and their uses for abiotic stress research on legumes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advancement in OMICS approaches to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in legumes

Ali

Altaf²,

Nadeem³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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The world is facing rapid climate change and a fast-growing global population. It is believed that the world population will be 9.7 billion in 2050. However, recent agriculture production is not enough to feed the current population of 7.9 billion people, which is causing a huge hunger problem. Therefore, feeding the 9.7 billion population in 2050 will be a huge target. Climate change is becoming a huge threat to global agricultural production, and it is expected to become the worst threat to it in the upcoming years. Keeping this in view, it is very important to breed climate-resilient plants. Legumes are considered an important pillar of the agriculture production system and a great source of high-quality protein, minerals, and vitamins. During the last two decades, advancements in OMICs technology revolutionized plant breeding and emerged as a crop-saving tool in wake of the climate change. Various OMICs approaches like Next-Generation sequencing (NGS), Transcriptomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics have been used in legumes under abiotic stresses. The scientific community successfully utilized these platforms and investigated the Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL), linked markers through genome-wide association studies, and developed KASP markers that can be helpful for the marker-assisted breeding of legumes. Gene-editing techniques have been successfully proven for soybean, cowpea, chickpea, and model legumes such as Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus. A number of efforts have been made to perform gene editing in legumes. Moreover, the scientific community did a great job of identifying various genes involved in the metabolic pathways and utilizing the resulted information in the development of climate-resilient legume cultivars at a rapid pace. Keeping in view, this review highlights the contribution of OMICs approaches to abiotic stresses in legumes. We envisage that the presented information will be helpful for the scientific community to develop climate-resilient legume cultivars.

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Translational genomics and molecular breeding for enhancing precision and efficiency in crop improvement programs: Some examples in legumes

Cited by 8 publications

References 90 publications

Functional Markers for Precision Plant Breeding

Functional Markers for Precision Plant Breeding

Next generation breeding in pulses: Present status and future directions

Recent advancement in OMICS approaches to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in legumes

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