“…However, there are limited studies on the instructional design quality criteria of MOOCs, and several have adopted criteria based on the first principles of instruction 5 (Aloizou, Villagrá Sobrino, Martínez Monés, Asensio-Pérez & García-Sastre, 2019;Margaryan, Manuela & Littlejohn, 2015;Watson, Watson & Janakiraman, 2017). Some studies have addressed technological issues to ensure the quality of MOOCs, suggesting that natural language processing, learning analytics, and assessment tools are key factors of the effectiveness of these courses (Cross et al, 2019;Khalil, Taraghi & Ebner, 2016;Shukor & Abdullah, 2019;Yousef et al, 2014). Furthermore, attempts have been made to establish various kinds of quality rubrics or frameworks (Dyomin, Mozhaeva, Babanskaya & Zakharova, 2017;Huang, Pei & Zhu, 2017;Ma, 2018;Poce, Amenduni, Re & De Medio, 2019;Stracke, 2017;Wang, Zhao & Wan, 2017).…”