“…The audio-recorded data of nurse handoffs were analyzed using conversational analysis methods -verbal content was broken down into utterances (i.e., psychological analogs of a single unit of experience (Apker et al, 2010;Morrow et al, 1993)) and categorized along multiple dimensions: structure (i.e., conversational moves, modified from (H. H. Clark et al, 1987)), content (adapted from (Berkenstadt et al, 2008), and included a comprehensive list of specific clinical elements relevant to critical care patients), and breakdowns in communication (i.e., doubtful information, missing information, incorrect/conflicting information, repetitive information or misinterpreted information). All the data codes related to both resident and nurse handoffs were then transferred to a Microsoft Excel workbook for further analysis.…”