Improving governance of tenure in policy and practice: The case of Myanmar

Jansen, Louisa J. M.; Kalas, Patrick P.; Bicchieri, Marianna

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104906

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In this respect, agronomic advancements in the rice sector have been successful due to multi-actor engagements on the national and regional level. Other studies have likewise argued that multi-stakeholder governance is necessary for socioeconomic transformation in Myanmar but that barriers remain present for sustainable natural resource management (Castelli et al, 2020; Forsyth and Springate-Baginski, 2021; Jansen et al, 2021). Another reason for the minor differences between adopters and non-adopters could be a spillover effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural development and transformation of the rice sector in Myanmar: Introduction of best management practices for sustainable rice agriculture

et al. 2022

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Myanmar has experienced considerable economic and social changes since its political transition in the early 2010s. Its agriculture sector has demonstrated rapid intensification and modernization. Agricultural best management practices (BMPs), e.g., drum seeders and laser land levelling, were introduced to rice farmers in Bago Region in 2012 to increase sustainable production and counter negative environmental impacts. The objective of this study was to determine the socioeconomic and agronomic changes due to the adoption of BMPs between adopters and non-adopters. Using a digital survey questionnaire application to collect household data, 200 farmers in eight villages were interviewed in 2012 and 2017. Data were analysed using uni- and multivariate statistics. Mediation analysis was utilized to evaluate the effect of the farmer group on rice yields. Overall, all farmers in this study experienced substantial positive changes over the course of five years in line with the national development efforts. Differences among adopters and non-adopters were not significant, but notable distinctions existed between cropping patterns. Rice-pulse farmers had higher yields ( + 0.4 t/ha), yet rice-rice farmers had larger cultivation areas, received higher agricultural credits, and had superior income levels. Nevertheless, rice yields remained low (<4 t/ha). Education was found to be an important predictor of yield. Hence, this factor is crucial for accelerating agricultural development in Myanmar. Improving extension services and knowledge transfer are necessary to expand the dissemination of sustainable BMPs and make farmers more resilient against the negative implications of climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural development and transformation of the rice sector in Myanmar: Introduction of best management practices for sustainable rice agriculture

et al. 2022

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“…economy to them. Guided by the above principles, Indonesia is expected to be able to strengthen democracy in Myanmar through dialogue and capacity building (Cantarero, 2020;Jansen et al, 2021;Purnama et al, 2019). Indonesia does not want to damage relations with ASEAN member countries, especially Myanmar, which is the object of discussion in the draft resolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of The International Community in Establishing Democracy in Myanmar

Samsoerizal

Hidayat

Sukendro

2021

IJSSB

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The existence of differences in Myanmar against the ruling regime is a significant obstacle in building opposition against the military junta. After being generalized in the November 2010 elections, it could be argued that Myanmar has moved away from reclusive authoritarianism but is not yet fully democratized. However, until now, the freedom felt by the people of Myanmar is still limited. It falls under the category of hybrid regimes encountered in the literature as 'not clearly democratic or conventionally authoritarian.' This study aims to analyze the role of the International Community towards Myanmar in promoting democratization. This study describes the political dynamics of Myanmar from its independence until the coup that just occurred in 2021. The method used in this paper is qualitative. This research collects and analyzes data from literature studies and interviews. This study found that international actors who play a role are NGOs, including ASEAN and the US, China, and Indonesia. The military coup has dashed hopes for democracy in Myanmar. The state has committed and reported as a result of civil protests to the military leadership. The coup has influenced the country to decline development in the political, social, and economic fields. In playing democracy, these actors try to develop meaning towards Myanmar using, among others, dialogue between the Myanmar civilians and the military and organizing joint talks. These methods hope Myanmar civilians get the ideal meaning of democracy.

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“…The FAO's forest tenure assessment tool [77]; gender and rights database [78]; legislation assessment tool for gender-equitable land tenure [79]; capacity analysis of the enabling environment, institutions and individuals for the VGGT implementation in the context of a specific country process [80,81]; and the World Programme for the Census of Agriculture [82]. Table 1).…”

Section: Complementary Approaches To the Monitoring Of Vggt Implementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Governance of Tenure in Policy and Practice: Monitoring in a Space for Multiple Views

Jansen

2020

Sustainability

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The dynamics of current global challenges—like food and nutrition security, environmental degradation, climate change, and emergencies—reduce the availability of and/or access to natural resources, and thereby underline the urgency of achieving transformational changes in the governance of tenure. This is increasingly required to bring the greatest good to the most people, in line with human rights. The globally applicable “Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security” (VGGT) were developed to promote responsible tenure governance. The importance of instituting effective monitoring for the implementation of the VGGT at the country level in order to ensure that they have an impact on the ground is well accepted. However, little progress has been made to date. This paper explores plural perspectives on monitoring by the different stakeholders involved because of the multi-dimensional nature of the VGGT implementation, and because tenure governance is a complex system. Allowing space for multiple views means leaving no one’s view behind. It is proposed to map the multiple pathways of change to achieve responsible tenure governance in a causal framework using the concept of theories of change. A pluralistic approach will entail different theories of change operating simultaneously, which will provide an inclusive and comprehensive tool for monitoring by showing the preferred pathways of progress on the ground, and by contributing to future trajectories.

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Improving governance of tenure in policy and practice: The case of Myanmar

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Rural development and transformation of the rice sector in Myanmar: Introduction of best management practices for sustainable rice agriculture

Rural development and transformation of the rice sector in Myanmar: Introduction of best management practices for sustainable rice agriculture

The Role of The International Community in Establishing Democracy in Myanmar

Improving Governance of Tenure in Policy and Practice: Monitoring in a Space for Multiple Views

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