Improving gas barrier of PET by blending with aromatic polyamides

Hu, Yanfeng; Prattipati, V.; Mehta, S.; Schiraldi, David A.; Hiltner, A.; Baer, E.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.01.056

Cited by 112 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Polyamide has frequent use as a component in these multilayer film structures [8] due to its unique combination of mechanical strength, puncture resistance, transparency, thermal stability, O 2 and aroma barrier, and thermoformability. A number of papers report on the effect of drawing on polymers permeability [6,[9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature and Mechanical Stress on Barrier Properties of Polymeric Films Used for Food Packaging

Mrkić¹,

Galić

Ivanković

2007

Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting

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The permeance of carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, and air through commercial polymers based on polyethylene (PE), biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), and polyamide (PA) used for food packaging is reported. The influence of temperature (from 10 to 60 C) and crease stress cycles (30, 50, 70, and 110) on gas permeance is also analyzed. Generally, the highest changes in gas permeance changes with increased stress cycles are observed with films having a metallized layer in the structure, namely BOPPcoex/BOPPcoex.met and, to a lesser extent, BOPPcoex.met/PE laminate. The lowest crease stress influence on barrier properties is obtained for PE film. In this case, the highest activation energy for the permeability coefficient (P) is obtained. Normal progressions of activation energies for P are: N 2 ¼ Air4CO 2 4O 2 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature and Mechanical Stress on Barrier Properties of Polymeric Films Used for Food Packaging

Mrkić¹,

Galić

Ivanković

2007

Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting

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“…On the other hand, plastic is superior in flexibility, formability, and transparency; however, its dimensional stability, that is, its low thermal expansion rate and gas shielding are not good enough. For example, for a typical plastic film, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the glass-transition temperature and oxygen permeability are 78°C, [1] and 40 cm 3 20 lm m -2 day -1 atm -1(1 atm ≈ 101 325 Pa), [2] respectively. We have succeeded in preparing flexible thin films having all of the above-mentioned properties (in detail, oxygen permeability less than 0.1 cm 3 20 lm m -2 day -1 atm -1 , over 90 % of total visible-light transmittance, which is comparable to conventional transparent plastic films, heat-durability up to 350°C, and mechanical strength enough to be handled) by casting aqueous dispersions of a synthetic hydrophilic clay mixed with a small amount of water-soluble organic polymer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Flexible Transparent Clay Films with Heat‐Resistant and High Gas‐Barrier Properties

2007

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Few thin films, which possess flexibility, transparency, gas shielding, thermal stability, and mechanical strength, have been reported so far, although such materials have a wide range of applications and are in demand for optoelectronic devices. Glass is superior in heat-durability, transparency, and gas-barrier properties and, therefore, normally used as a display material; however, it is inferior in flexibility, relatively heavy, and difficult to make very thin. On the other hand, plastic is superior in flexibility, formability, and transparency; however, its dimensional stability, that is, its low thermal expansion rate and gas shielding are not good enough. For example, for a typical plastic film, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the glass-transition temperature and oxygen permeability are 78°C, [1] and 40 cm 3 20 lm m -2 day -1 atm -1(1 atm ≈ 101 325 Pa), [2] respectively. We have succeeded in preparing flexible thin films having all of the above-mentioned properties (in detail, oxygen permeability less than 0.1 cm 3 20 lm m -2 day -1 atm -1 , over 90 % of total visible-light transmittance, which is comparable to conventional transparent plastic films, heat-durability up to 350°C, and mechanical strength enough to be handled) by casting aqueous dispersions of a synthetic hydrophilic clay mixed with a small amount of water-soluble organic polymer. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns suggest a unique close-packed lamellar structure for the film, which may bring superior heat durability. The developed films are promising for use in a wide variety of optoelectronic applications. The first clay paper was shaped from bentonite by Hauser in 1938. [3,4] It was not highly transparent and not prepared with the aim of giving it a high gas-barrier property. Claybased artificial nacre had been studied, [5][6][7][8] but it was not highly transparent. Polymer-clay nanocomposite materials have been actively studied since the 1970s. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Most of the composites are mainly composed of plastics, and clays are only added as minor components at less than 10 wt %.[10] Although the addition improves the mechanical strength, [11] gasbarrier properties, [12] flammability reduction, [13] and dimensional stability, [14] these performances are still low. Chaiko [15,16] has developed a new and cost-effective method of producing polymer-clay nanocomposites using almost any nonpolar, commercial polymer. The surfactant-treated clays can greatly enhance a product's thermal stability, improve stiffness and strength, and increase gas-barrier performance. The oxygen-barrier properties of these nanocomposite films are over 2 000 times better than Nylon-6. Haraguchi et al. [17] prepared stretchy clay composites with high optical clarity and flexibility; however they are not highly heat durable because the clay content is limited to 30 wt %. Triantafyllidis et al. [12] prepared an epoxy-clay film composite with a high oxygen-barrier property. The film contains a higher loading of clay but is yellowish and not ...

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“…The additives increase the gas barrier property of the whole bottle depending on the concentration in the PET matrix. Some specific grades of polyamides are often used for additive materials [9], even though other materials had been attempted [3,10]. Due to the cost of additives and limited barrier performance compared to other approaches, the use of this approach is limited in these days in Japan.…”

Section: Approach To the Gas Barrier Enhancement Of Pet Bottles Othermentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Gas Barrier Thin Film Coatings on PET Bottles in Food and Beverage Applications

2015

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This article presents a short history and the recent advancement of the development of chemical vapor deposition technologies to form thin film gas barrier coatings on PET bottles and other plastic containers in food and beverage containers. Among different gas barrier enhancement technologies, coating can show unique performance where relatively high gas barrier enhancement is possible to various gas permeants. In this article, technologically common and different points of the current thin film coating methods in this field are summarized. This article also refers to recent market situations and technological challenges in the Japanese market.

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Improving gas barrier of PET by blending with aromatic polyamides

Cited by 112 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of Temperature and Mechanical Stress on Barrier Properties of Polymeric Films Used for Food Packaging

Effect of Temperature and Mechanical Stress on Barrier Properties of Polymeric Films Used for Food Packaging

Flexible Transparent Clay Films with Heat‐Resistant and High Gas‐Barrier Properties

Recent Progress in Gas Barrier Thin Film Coatings on PET Bottles in Food and Beverage Applications

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