“…The benefits of using the DOP also have been observed in people with discriminative learning difficulties, such as those with Down's syndrome (Estévez, Overmier, Fuentes, & González, 2003), adults with Prader-Willi syndrome (Joseph, Overmier, & Thompson, 1997), or children born prematurely (Martínez et al, 2012). Further studies have demonstrated that the DOP is effective at improving memory-based performance in healthy children (Martínez, Estévez, Fuentes, & Overmier, 2009;Martínez, Flores, González-Salinas, Fuentes, & Estévez, 2013), young adults (Martella, Plaza, Estevez, Castillo, & Fuentes, 2012;Plaza, Estévez, López-Crespo, & Fuentes, 2011), and older adults (López-Crespo, Plaza, Fuentes, & Estévez, 2009), as well as individuals with memory-based deficits, such as Korsakoff's syndrome (Hochhalter, Sweeney, Bakke, Holub, & Overmier, 2000) or Alzheimer's disease (Plaza, López-Crespo, Antúnez, Fuentes, & Estévez, 2012). It is of some interest to note that selfassociation has been shown to improve memory in patients with severe amnesia .…”