“…Some authors tried to categorize the DCs presented for these diagnoses in the NANDA‐I 1999/2000 version into critical characteristics and noncritical characteristics in an attempt to organize the suggested list (Adams et al., 1997; Levin & Krainovich‐Miller, 1999). Whitley (1994) and Levin, Lunney, and Krainovich‐Miller (2004) proposed a categorization of the DCs for anxiety, such as affective, physiological, behavioral, and cognitive characteristics; subjective and objective characteristics were proposed for fear. These studies were regarded as significant in refining both diagnoses and led to a change in their definitions and the list of DCs.…”