Improving community participation to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in American Samoa

King, Jonathan D.; Zielinski-Gutiérrez, Emily; Pa’au, Molisamoa; Lammie, Patrick J.

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.08.021

Cited by 40 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Two observers entered separately the responses and any additional comments provided by the participants which were compared for consistency. The discussion notes were reviewed by the coauthors and emerging common themes extracted as has been done in other programs [29]. The findings from the FGDs were used to revise the survey instrument and functionality of the data collection program, and were re-tested among the study participants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Electronic Data Collection System for Large-Scale Surveys of Neglected Tropical Diseases

et al. 2013

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BackgroundLarge cross-sectional household surveys are common for measuring indicators of neglected tropical disease control programs. As an alternative to standard paper-based data collection, we utilized novel paperless technology to collect data electronically from over 12,000 households in Ethiopia.MethodologyWe conducted a needs assessment to design an Android-based electronic data collection and management system. We then evaluated the system by reporting results of a pilot trial and from comparisons of two, large-scale surveys; one with traditional paper questionnaires and the other with tablet computers, including accuracy, person-time days, and costs incurred.Principle FindingsThe electronic data collection system met core functions in household surveys and overcame constraints identified in the needs assessment. Pilot data recorders took 264 (standard deviation (SD) 152 sec) and 260 sec (SD 122 sec) per person registered to complete household surveys using paper and tablets, respectively (P = 0.77). Data recorders felt a lack of connection with the interviewee during the first days using electronic devices, but preferred to collect data electronically in future surveys. Electronic data collection saved time by giving results immediately, obviating the need for double data entry and cross-correcting. The proportion of identified data entry errors in disease classification did not differ between the two data collection methods. Geographic coordinates collected using the tablets were more accurate than coordinates transcribed on a paper form. Costs of the equipment required for electronic data collection was approximately the same cost incurred for data entry of questionnaires, whereas repeated use of the electronic equipment may increase cost savings.Conclusions/SignificanceConducting a needs assessment and pilot testing allowed the design to specifically match the functionality required for surveys. Electronic data collection using an Android-based technology was suitable for a large-scale health survey, saved time, provided more accurate geo-coordinates, and was preferred by recorders over standard paper-based questionnaires.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Electronic Data Collection System for Large-Scale Surveys of Neglected Tropical Diseases

et al. 2013

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“…The campaign ran in conjunction with similar campaigns in other South Pacific countries and territories, including neighboring Samoa, under the Pacific Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis [17]. Population coverage by MDA was 24–52% in the first three years and improved to 65–71% in the subsequent four years [16]. Infection prevalence before, during, and after MDA has been monitored primarily by an immunochromatographic (ICT) test, which detects circulating filarial antigen (CFA) released into the blood by adult W. bancrofti [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Xenomonitoring Using Mosquitoes to Map Lymphatic Filariasis after Mass Drug Administration in American Samoa

et al. 2014

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BackgroundMass drug administration (MDA) programs have dramatically reduced lymphatic filariasis (LF) incidence in many areas around the globe, including American Samoa. As infection rates decline and MDA programs end, efficient and sensitive methods for detecting infections are needed to monitor for recrudescence. Molecular methods, collectively termed ‘molecular xenomonitoring,’ can identify parasite DNA or RNA in human blood-feeding mosquitoes. We tested mosquitoes trapped throughout the inhabited islands of American Samoa to identify areas of possible continuing LF transmission after completion of MDA.Methodology/Principle FindingsMosquitoes were collected using BG Sentinel traps from most of the villages on American Samoa's largest island, Tutuila, and all major villages on the smaller islands of Aunu'u, Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u. Real-time PCR was used to detect Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in pools of ≤20 mosquitoes, and PoolScreen software was used to infer territory-wide prevalences of W. bancrofti DNA in the mosquitoes. Wuchereria bancrofti DNA was found in mosquitoes from 16 out of the 27 village areas sampled on Tutuila and Aunu'u islands but none of the five villages on the Manu'a islands of Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u. The overall 95% confidence interval estimate for W. bancrofti DNA prevalence in the LF vector Ae. polynesiensis was 0.20–0.39%, and parasite DNA was also detected in pools of Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Aedes (Finlaya) spp.Conclusions/SignificanceOur results suggest low but widespread prevalence of LF on Tutuila and Aunu'u where 98% of the population resides, but not Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u islands. Molecular xenomonitoring can help identify areas of possible LF transmission, but its use in the LF elimination program in American Samoa is limited by the need for more efficient mosquito collection methods and a better understanding of the relationship between prevalence of W. bancrofti DNA in mosquitoes and infection and transmission rates in humans.

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“…The efforts of filariasis elimination can be done systematically using integrated potential strategies. Potential strategies involved vector control and mass drug administration to interrupt or cut the chain of filariasis transmission in the endemic area and also prevent disabilities due to filariasis [11][12][13]. Filariasis transmission closely related to the role of mosquito species as the vector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Initiative the Used of Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) To Control Filariasis in Indonesia

Ernawan

Sasmita

2017

J. Ilmiah Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi

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Filariasis as part of the neglected tropical disease is one of the health problems in the world. Filariasis divided into onchocerciasis (river blindness) and lymphatic filariasis or elephantiasis. This disease caused by filarial nematode parasites Onchocerca volvulus, Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Brugia timori. Filariasis transmitted by several mosquito genera as the vector. Indonesia as endemic filariasis, agreed on plays a role on World Health Organization (WHO) global filariasis elimination in 2020. Sterile insect technique (SIT) is a potential method which can be applied to filariasis elimination program by controlling the mosquito population. Basic principles of SIT involve mass rearing of species target, sterilization process using gamma-rays and releasing sterile male insect into a target area. SIT combined with other methods under one management as Area-wide Integrated Pest Management (AW-IPM) to increasing effectiveness and successful filariasis elimination program in Indonesia. Filariasis elimination program in Indonesia has several challenges and needed public participation to achieve program goals. Key words : filariasis, Indonesia, sterile insect technique (SIT) ABSTRAKFilariasis sebagai bagian dari penyakit tropis yang terbengkalai merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di dunia. Filariasis dibagi menjadi onchocerciasis dan filariasis limfatik atau kaki gajah. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh parasit nematoda filarial Onchocerca volvulus, Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi dan Brugia timori. Filariasis ditularkan oleh beberapa genera nyamuk sebagai vektor. Indonesia sebagai endemik filariasis, sepakat memainkan peran dalam eliminasi filariasis global yang diagendakan oleh world health organization (WHO) pada tahun 2020. Teknik serangga mandul (TSM) adalah metode potensial yang dapat diterapkan pada program eliminasi filariasis dengan mengendalikan populasi nyamuk. Prinsip dasar SIT melibatkan pembiakan populasi target secara massal, proses sterilisasi menggunakan sinar gamma dan melepaskan serangga jantan steril ke daerah sasaran. TSM dapat dikombinasikan dengan metode lain di bawah satu manajemen terpadu, yaitu area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan keberhasilan program eliminasi filariasis di Indonesia. Program eliminasi filariasis di Indonesia memiliki beberapa tantangan dan kebutuhan partisipasi masyarakat untuk mencapai tujuan program.

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Improving community participation to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in American Samoa

Cited by 40 publications

References 8 publications

A Novel Electronic Data Collection System for Large-Scale Surveys of Neglected Tropical Diseases

A Novel Electronic Data Collection System for Large-Scale Surveys of Neglected Tropical Diseases

Molecular Xenomonitoring Using Mosquitoes to Map Lymphatic Filariasis after Mass Drug Administration in American Samoa

An Initiative the Used of Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) To Control Filariasis in Indonesia

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