Improving cocoa harvest can mitigate for crop damage by wildlife in a forest-agriculture matrix

Hulme, Mark F.; Salliss, Daniel; Konneh, Mohamed S.; Dauda, Patrick; Witcutt, Emma; Sanderson, Fiona J.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2018.06.019

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…2.1 COCOA PRODUCTION IS BASED ON SMALLHOLDER PLANTATIONS (Franzen & Borgerhoff Mulder, 2007) Cocoa is a crop that is mostly grown by small farmers in tropical lowlands, especially in Indonesia. Cocoa has the potential to provide biodiversity benefits (Hulme et al, 2018) 7 market (Tresliyana et al, 2004), its processed products have many health benefits. However, fruit skins are generally considered to affect the competitiveness of cocoa beans as waste that can affect cocoa quality (Wessel & Quist-Wessel, 2015).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy and Competitiveness of Integrated Agricultural-Based technology for Cocoa Production in Indonesia: Application of a Policy Analysis Matrix

Sukanteri,

Lestari,

Yuniti

et al. 2024

RGSA

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Purpose: The research aimed to evaluate the competitiveness of smallholder cocoa plantations and the efficiency of input use in cocoa farming by strengthening farmer groups Indonesia. Theoretical framework: The research design includes the steps taken in conducting research, data sources, and how to obtain data and data analysis. The research clearly describes the variables, data collection, and data analysis methods to have a clear picture of the competitiveness of cocoa farming. Design/methodology/approach : Measuring the competitiveness of cocoa in Bali using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method. PAM analysis is used to calculate private profit, which is a measure of farm competitiveness at the market price level or the actual price Findings: Competitiveness at the social price level is placed on the second row of the PAM table, Indonesia is an agricultural country and the development of the main agricultural sector, especially cocoa commodities which are managed through community plantations in rural areas, shows the ability to be comparatively competitive, even competitive, even though some components such as private farmer profits can be achieved at 69% compared to what cocoa farmers should receive. Farmers can receive social benefits of up to 40%. Even though cocoa production receives output subsidies, cocoa farmers are only able to obtain a price of 79%, or 21% lower than the world cocoa price, but it is still competitively profitable for farmers. The inputs needed by farmers in cocoa production can be managed by farmers so that the price of tradable inputs at the farmer level shows the same price at the economic level so that it is said to have comparative and competitive competitiveness. Research, Practical & Social implications: Competitive cocoa in Indonesia provides benefits to farmers at small-scale plantations of up to 69 %, and the profits received by farmers are 40% when measured comparatively. Originality/value: Originality/Value: This research is original. Implemented in smallholder cocoa plantations in Indonesia with integrated crop-livestock farming patterns to produce outputs that can compete at social prices and to motivate other cocoa farmers to develop farming system innovations that can increase cocoa production based on local resources.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy and Competitiveness of Integrated Agricultural-Based technology for Cocoa Production in Indonesia: Application of a Policy Analysis Matrix

Sukanteri,

Lestari,

Yuniti

et al. 2024

RGSA

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“…The cocoa tree, Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae) originated from South America [1] and is now grown largely across wet tropical areas of America, Africa and Asia [2]. Cocoa beans, extracted from the cocoa pod of the tree, are an important cash crop across these regions [2,3]. The butter and powder produced from cocoa beans are used mainly in chocolate manufacture [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of Biopesticides to Control Phytophthora palmivora Butl. and Conopomorpha cramerella Snell. on Cacao in South Halmahera

Lala¹,

Cahyaningrum²,

Hadiarto³

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANRes 2019)

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One of the causes of low productivity of cocoa due to Conopomorpha cramerella known as cocoa pod borer (CPB) and black pod rot (BPR) caused by Phytophthora palmivora. Biopesticides consisted of Beauveria bassiana and kaolin was introduced to protect the surface of cocoa pods from CPB and BPR. The research was conducted in the District of Bacan, South Halmahera Regency, North Maluku from April to December 2017. The research was design using randomized block design (RBD), consisting of four treatments as follows: Bio-K (biopesticides), plastic (0.24 mm transparent plastic), metallaxyl (RG), and farmer technique as a control treatment with five replications and thirty plants per replications. Therefore, in the field were 150 plants. Application of biopesticides performed at two-weeks intervals since the pods measurement from 8-10 cm until harvest time. The observational variables consisted of the symptoms of CPB and BPR, disease incidence, number of CPB infestation, and number of harvested pods. Results showed that biopesticide treatment significantly reduced pod damage by CPB while the disease incidence of BPR was not significantly different from metalaxyl which was the best treatment. The average decreases in the number of cacao pod respectively were Bio-K (7.69%), plastic (14.29%), metalaxyl (27.78%) and control (62.50%). The study implies that Bio-K was effective in protecting cocoa pods from C. cramerella infestation and P. palmivora infection.

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“…El cacao pertenece a la familia Sterculiaceae y al género Theobroma; este género tiene 22 especies, de las cuales T. cacao L. es comercialmente la más importante debido al valor económico de sus semillas (Kongor et al, 2016). Los mismos autores mencionan que el cacao es cultivado en más de 70.000 km en el mundo entre los 20°de latitud norte y sur; es una especie perenne, que en su mayoría de variedades requiere de sombra (Hulme et al, 2018). Una de sus principales características es la de ser cauliflora, con polinización cruzada y monoica.…”

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Estado actual de la cacaocultura: una revisión de sus principales limitantes

Sandoval¹,

Merchán

Rodriguez

et al. 2020

Cien. Agri.

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El cultivo del cacao (Theobroma cacao L) ha adquirido gran importancia para Colombia en los últimos años, debido al incremento de las áreas cultivadas y al compromiso con su exportación por parte del Gobierno nacional. Para el año 2018, en el país había aproximadamente 170.000 hectáreas sembradas. Esta especie se cultiva entre los 20° de latitud norte y los 20° de latitud sur, a altitudes comprendidas entre los 0-1200 msnm. Los principales productores de cacao se encuentran ubicados en el continente africano (Ghana y Costa de Marfil), que contribuyen aproximadamente con el 70 % de la producción mundial. En América, la producción se enfoca en cultivos de cacao fino y de aroma, especialmente en países como Ecuador, Perú, Brasil, Colombia, México, entre otros. Los retos que enfrenta este cultivo en la actualidad son diversos: la escasa disponibilidad de mano de obra, la existencia de enfermedades limitantes como las causadas por Moniliophthora roreri y Phythophthora spp., y las restricciones establecidas por los países consumidores frente a la presencia de ciertos metales pesados que son bioacumulados por el cacao y que pueden generar problemas a la salud humana. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta revisión es analizar las diferentes variables que intervienen en este cultivo, como instrumento de consulta para productores y técnicos interesados en este sistema productivo, con el fin de que se convierta en una herramienta en la toma de decisiones del cultivo y de sus implicaciones de establecimiento.

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Improving cocoa harvest can mitigate for crop damage by wildlife in a forest-agriculture matrix

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Policy and Competitiveness of Integrated Agricultural-Based technology for Cocoa Production in Indonesia: Application of a Policy Analysis Matrix

Policy and Competitiveness of Integrated Agricultural-Based technology for Cocoa Production in Indonesia: Application of a Policy Analysis Matrix

Implementation of Biopesticides to Control Phytophthora palmivora Butl. and Conopomorpha cramerella Snell. on Cacao in South Halmahera

Estado actual de la cacaocultura: una revisión de sus principales limitantes

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