Improvements in Nitrogen-Corrected Apparent Metabolizable Energy of Peanut Meal in Response to Phytase Supplementation

Driver, J. P.; Atencio, A.; Edwards, H. M.; Pesti, G. M.

doi:10.1093/ps/85.1.96

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For example, Scott et al (2001) observed that phytase increased ME by around 100 kcal/kg in cornand wheat-based diets for laying hens, whereas reported no effect of phytase in corn-based diets for layers. However, this response varied from almost 170 kcal/kg (Driver et al, 2006) to -20 kcal/kg (Selle et al, 2003b) and, counterintuitively, was not correlated with phytase dose. Selle and Ravindran (2007) summarized 12 individual studies where the effect of phytase on ME was reported and concluded that the mean response is around 85 kcal/kg at an average phytase inclusion of 662 FTU/kg.…”

Section: Energymentioning

confidence: 83%

BOARD-INVITED REVIEW: Opportunities and challenges in using exogenous enzymes to improve nonruminant animal production

Adeola

Cowieson

2011

Journal of Animal Science

541

415

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Diets fed to nonruminant animals are composed mainly of feed ingredients of plant origin. A variety of antinutritional factors such as phytin, nonstarch polysaccharides, and protease inhibitors may be present in these feed ingredients, which could limit nutrients that may be utilized by animals fed such diets. The primary nutrient utilization-limiting effect of phytin arises from the binding of 6 phosphate groups, thus making the P unavailable to the animal. The negative charges allow for formation of insoluble phytin-metal complexes with many divalent cations. Furthermore, phytin and protein can form binary complexes through electrostatic links of its charged phosphate groups with either the free amino group on AA on proteins or via formation of ternary complexes of phytin, Ca(2+), and protein. The form and extent of de novo formation of binary and ternary complexes of phytin and protein are likely to be important variables that influence the effectiveness of nutrient hydrolysis in plant-based diets. Nonstarch polysacharides reduce effective energy and nutrient utilization by nonruminant animals because of a lack of the enzymes needed for breaking down the complex cell wall structure that encapsulate other nutrients. Enzymes are used in nonruminant animal production to promote growth and efficiency of nutrient utilization and reduce nutrient excretion. The enzymes used include those that target phytin and nonstarch polysaccharides. Phytase improves growth and enhances P utilization, but positive effects on other nutrients are not always observed. Nonstarch polysaccharide-hydrolyzing enzymes are less consistent in their effects on growth and nutrient utilization, although they show promise and it is imperative to closely match both types and amounts of nonstarch polysaccharides with appropriate enzyme for beneficial effects. When used together with phytase, nonstarch polysaccharide-hydrolyzing enzymes may increase the accessibility of phytase to phytin encapsulated in cell walls. The future of enzymes in nonruminant animal production is promising and will likely include an understanding of the role of enzyme supplementation in promoting health as well as how enzymes may modulate gene functions. This review is an attempt to summarize current thinking in this area, provide some clarity in nomenclature and mechanisms, and suggest opportunities for expanded exploitation of this unique biotechnology.

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Section: Energymentioning

confidence: 83%

BOARD-INVITED REVIEW: Opportunities and challenges in using exogenous enzymes to improve nonruminant animal production

Adeola

Cowieson

2011

Journal of Animal Science

541

415

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“…The apparent metabolizable energy of diets was determined using the following formula on a DM basis (Driver et al, 2006):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrusion Enhances Metabolizable Energy and Ileal Amino Acids Digestibility of Canola Meal for Broiler Chickens

Ahmed

Zulkifli

Farjam

et al. 2014

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of extrusion process on apparent metabolizable energy (AME), crude protein (CP) and amino acid (AA) digestibility of canola meal (CM) in broiler chickens. A total of 36, 42-day-old broilers were randomly assigned into adaptation diets (no CM or 30% CM) with six replicates. After 4 days of adaptation period, on day 47, birds were allowed to consume the assay diets that contain CM or extruded canola meal (ECM) as the sole source of energy and protein.Following 4 h after feeding, the birds were killed and ileal contents were collected. The results showed that ECM had greater (P<0.001) AME (10.87 vs 9.39 MJ/kg) compared to CM. The extrusion also significantly enhanced apparent ileal digestibility of CP and some of AA such as Asp, Glu, Ser, Thr and Trp. In conclusion, the extrusion treatment appeared to be a practical and effective approach in enhancing the digestibility of AME, CP and some AA of CM in broiler chickens.

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“…Driver et al (16) realizaron un estudio, utilizando dietas deficientes de fósforo (menores de 0.42 %) en pollos de 14 y 28 días de edad, y los parámetros productivos mejoraron cuando las aves tuvieron mayor consumo de fósforo en la dieta.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Eficacia de dos fitasas bacterianas en la liberación de fósforo en dietas para pollos de engorda en crecimiento

Espinoza

Cuevas

González

2017

Rev. Mex. Cienc. Pecu.

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RESUMENLa eficacia de dos fitasas (Citrobacter brakii y E. Coli) utilizadas en diferentes dosis (500 y 1,000 FTU) se evaluaron en una dieta deficiente en fósforo (0.15% P disponible) formulada a base de sorgo-soya. Para la estimación de la eficacia en la liberación de P de las fitasas evaluadas se utilizó como referencia fósforo inorgánico suplementado a través de fosfato monodicálcico (FMD), para alcanzar una concentración final de P disponible de 0.23, 0.31 y 0.39 %. Para lo anterior la dieta basal deficiente en P se suplementó como sigue: 1) sin fitasas, sin FMD; 2) 0.08% FMD; 3) 0.16% FMD; 4) 0.24% PMD; 5) citrobacter-500 FTU; 6) coli-500 FTU; 7) citrobacter-1,000 FTU y 8) coli-1,000 FTU. Los tratamientos se aplicaron a 216 pollos de la estirpe Ross (27 pollos/tratamiento) de los 7 a 21 días de edad. La ganancia de peso, eficiencia alimenticia y concentración de ceniza y P en tibias fue mayor en los pollos que recibieron 0.39% PMD y los 1,000 FTU de ambas fitasas, no existiendo diferencias en estos niveles entre los tratamientos FMD y fitasas. La cantidad de fósforo liberado no se afectó (P >0.05) por el tipo de fitasa (promedio 0.142 %), pero sí por el nivel de fitasa utilizado (0.102 vs 0.182 % para 500 y 1,000 FTU respectivamente). Los resultados indican que la suplementación con 1,000 FTU/kg de ambas fitasas en dietas deficientes en P resulta en ganancias y eficiencias alimenticias similares cuando las dietas se suplementan hasta 0.24 % de FMD. Ambas fitasas mejoraron en 78.4 % el aprovechamiento del fósforo fítico en dietas sorgo-soya para pollos en crecimiento. PALABRAS CLAVE: Fitasas, Citrobacter braakii, Escherichia coli, Fósforo en tibias, Cenizas en tibias, Pollos de engorda. ABSTRACTThe efficacy of two phytases (Citrobacter brakii and Escherichia coli) used in different doses (500 and 1,000 FTU) were evaluated in a diet deficient in phosphorus (0.15% available P) formulated with sorghum-soybean meal. To estimate the efficacy of the release of P evaluated phytases, inorganic phosphorus supplemented by mono-phosphate (MDP) to reach a final concentration of available P of 0.23, 0.31 and 0.39 % was used as reference. The basal diet deficient in P was supplemented as follows: 1) Without phytases, without MDP; 2) 0.08% MDP; 3) 0.16% MDP; 4) 0.24% MDP; 5) Citrobacter-500 FTU; 6) coli FTU-500; 7) citrobacter-1,000 FTU and 8) FTU coli-1,000. The treatments were applied to Ross 216 chickens (27 birds/treatment) 7 to 21 d old. Weight gain, feed efficiency and concentration of tibia ash and P was better in chickens receiving 0.39% PMD and 1,000 FTU of both phytase, with no differences in these levels between MDP and phytase treatments. The amount of phosphorus released was not affected (P >0.05) by type of phytase (average 0.142 %), with effect to level of phytase used (0.102 vs 0.182 % for 500 and 1,000 FTU respectively). The results indicate that supplementation 1,000 FTU / kg in both phytase in diets deficient in P results in weight gain and feed efficiency similar when the diets are supplemented with 0.24...

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Improvements in Nitrogen-Corrected Apparent Metabolizable Energy of Peanut Meal in Response to Phytase Supplementation

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

BOARD-INVITED REVIEW: Opportunities and challenges in using exogenous enzymes to improve nonruminant animal production

BOARD-INVITED REVIEW: Opportunities and challenges in using exogenous enzymes to improve nonruminant animal production

Extrusion Enhances Metabolizable Energy and Ileal Amino Acids Digestibility of Canola Meal for Broiler Chickens

Eficacia de dos fitasas bacterianas en la liberación de fósforo en dietas para pollos de engorda en crecimiento

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