Improvement of the Physical Properties of Guided Bone Regeneration Membrane from Porcine Pericardium by Polyphenols-Rich Pomace Extract

Abstract

To achieve optimal performances, guided bone regeneration membranes should have several properties, in particular, proper stiffness and tear resistance for space maintenance, appropriate resorption time, and non-cytotoxic effect. In this work, polyphenol-rich pomace extract (PRPE), from a selected grape variety (Nebbiolo), rich in proanthocyanidins and flavonols (e.g., quercetin), was used as a rich source of polyphenols, natural collagen crosslinkers, to improve the physical properties of the porcine pericardium membrane. The incorporation of polyphenols in the collagen network of the membrane was clearly identified by infra-red spectroscopy through the presence of a specific peak between 1360–1380 cm−1. Polyphenols incorporated into the pericardium membrane bind to collagen with high affinity and reduce enzymatic degradation by 20% compared to the native pericardium. The release study shows a release of active molecules from the membrane, suggesting a possible use in patients affected by periodontitis, considering the role of polyphenols in the control of this pathology. Mechanical stiffness is increased making the membrane easier to handle. Young’s modulus of pericardium treated with PRPE was three-fold higher than the one measured on native pericardium. Tear and suture retention strength measurement suggest favorable properties in the light of clinical practice requirements.

Multi Dynamic Extraction: An Innovative Method to Obtain a Standardized Chemically and Biologically Reproducible Polyphenol Extract from Poplar-Type Propolis to Be Used for Its Anti-Infective Properties

“…Since the 1990s, the search for biomaterials able to thwart bacterial contamination and infection has been exponential in terms of surface modifications and coatings [43,44,45]. Recently, this research has been focusing on making the material surfaces not only bactericidal but also functionalized with other favorable properties [46,47]. It is expected that the new generation of anti-infective biomaterials will be able to integrate with host tissues, exert anti-inflammatory activities, and promote wound healing, in addition to counteracting bacterial colonization [48].…”

Bioactive Properties of Nanofibres Based on Concentrated Collagen Hydrolysate Loaded with Thyme and Oregano Essential Oils

“…Collagen nanofibres (P1) show amide A band at 3284 cm −1 , associated with the stretching vibrations of N-H groups, amide I band around 1636 cm −1 (stretching vibrations of peptide C=O groups), amide II (around 1541 cm −1 , N-H bending vibrations coupled to C-N stretching vibrations) and amide III (around 1255 cm −1 , C-N stretching and N-H bending vibrations of amide linkages) [12].…”

“…Collagen is a biopolymer with regenerative and tissue reconstruction properties used in various treatments in medicine [12], drugs [13] or urinary drains [14]. In addition, collagen is used as food supplements [15] and antimicrobial emulsion formulations for cosmetic purposes [16].…”

Research Advances in the Use of Bioactive Compounds from Vitis vinifera By-Products in Oral Care

“…In addition, a regenerative potential of PhCs from grape pomace extract was investigated on human mesenchymal stem cells, the authors describing a decrease of NF-κB ligand activator/osteoprotegerin ratio and an increase of expression of genes involved in osteoblast differentiation [ 154 ]. Grape pomace PhCs have been also shown to increase the mechanical properties of pericardium membrane, acting as natural collagen crosslinkers, with relevance to periodontal regeneration [ 155 ]. Chidambara et al support the in vitro findings by revealing a protective effect of the extract in CCl 4 exposed rats.…”