Improvement of the carbon monoxide gas sensing properties of polyaniline in the presence of gold nanoparticles at room temperature

Nanofibers of Polyaniline and Cu(II)–l-Aspartic Acid for a Room-Temperature Carbon Monoxide Gas Sensor

“…Synthesis of PANI nanofibers was done by an in situ chemical polymerization process that was previously reported by Stejskal et al 32 with slight modification. 10 In the synthesis process, ammonium peroxydisulfate was applied as an initiator/oxidant. First, 2.59 g of aniline hydrochloride was dissolved in distilled water in a 50.0 mL volumetric balloon, and an aqueous solution of ammonium peroxydisulfate was also obtained by dissolving 5.71 g in a separate 50.0 mL balloon.…”

“…Recent studies have proposed conducting polymers as an alternative sensor material to conventional inorganic metal oxide semiconductors. They introduce valuable properties such as tunable electrical conductivity, room-temperature sensing ability, low energy consumption, corrosion resistance, low fabrication cost, easy-to-control shape and morphology, flexibility, and ease to deposit on various substrates. , Amidst the family of conducting polymers, polyaniline (PANI) and its derivatives are the most prevalent materials for gas detection, due to their fast synthesis, high conductivity, functionality at room temperature, and significant environmental and thermal stability. , They can also be affordable for mass production by simple synthesis processing and demonstrate detectable changes in the electrical conductivity in contact with gas molecules. Although aniline hydrochloride and its derivatives can be considered pollutants, it has to be used as a precursor to synthesize PANI because of the outstanding advantages of PANI sensors.…”

“…Although aniline hydrochloride and its derivatives can be considered pollutants, it has to be used as a precursor to synthesize PANI because of the outstanding advantages of PANI sensors. As the chemical state of PANI changes after the doping or adsorption process, its electrical conductivity is easily modified. , In this regard, Kashyap and co-workers investigated the sensing performance of a film of PANI nanofibers deposited on a silicon substrate toward various volatile organic compound (VOC) molecules, including methanol, ethanol, toluene, chloroform, and acetone. They stated that the sensing process is based on the acceptance of the free electron that exists in the reduced VOC molecules by the polaron present inside the PANI chain, accompanied by an increase in the electrical resistance of the PANI film.…”

Electron Beam Induced Tailoring of Electrical Characteristics of Organic Semiconductor Films

“…Conducting polymer-metal nanocomposites, a new class of materials, offers device design possibility with new functionality, in which the optimized properties of both organic and inorganic have been exploited [169][170][171][172][173][174][175]. Many appealing studies have been reported in literatures based on nanocomposites of PANI with different metals such as PANI-Ag [176,177], PANI-Au [178][179][180], PANI-Pt [181][182][183] and PANI-Cu [184,185]. PANI-Ag is one of the extensively considered nanocomposites because ease of preparation by in-situ approach i.e.…”

Plasmonic Au‐Metal Oxide Nanocomposites for High‐Temperature and Harsh Environment Sensing Applications

“…[22,23] In this aspect, chemical reduction methods such as ultra sonication, [24][25][26][27] sol-gel method, [28][29][30] microwave-mediated synthesis [31][32][33][34] and co-precipitation [35,36] have been exhaustively investigated recently, as they offer advantages like high yield, easy removal of by-products, and control over agglomeration. With regards to optical sensing and/or the role of nanotechnology in optical sensing, excellent reviews have been written for example on AuNPs and their applicability in catalysis, [37,38] biosensing, [39,40] drug delivery, [41][42] and optics, [43] AuNPs incorporated with WO 3 ,TiO 2 , ZnOfor sensing volatile organic compounds, [44] alcohols, [45] toxic gases, [46] on the different morphologies of Au [47,48] or on the different morphologies of Au for gas sensing. [49][50] Gas sensors capable of operation above 300 °C are desired for use in aerospace applications (turbine engines), environmental monitoring (to detect emissions from various sources), steam turbines (400 °C-600 °C), nuclear reactors (to monitor temperatures in the range of 300 °C À 500 °C), thermocouple wires, electrochromism, optoelectronics etc.…”