Improvement of Neutral Lipid and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis by Overexpressing a Type 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase in Marine Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Niu, Ying‐Fang; Zhang, Menghan; Li, Dawei; Yang, Wei‐Dong; Liu, Jie‐Sheng; Bai, Wei-Bing; Li, Hongye

doi:10.3390/md11114558

Cited by 240 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Various genetic modification approaches have been applied on diatoms (Armbrust et al, 2004;Hu et al, 2008;Niu et al, 2013). P. tricornutum over-expressing heterologous thioesterase increased 72% of total fatty acid content (Gong et al, 2011).…”

Section: Genetic Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Valuable Lipids in Diatoms

et al. 2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Diatoms are one major group of algae in oceans that accounts almost half of marine primary food production and have also been identified as a promising candidate for biofuel production for their high level accumulation of lipids. They have gained increasingly attention for their potential applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nutrient supplements, and biofuels. This review aims to summarize the recent advances in diatom lipid study. Chemical structures and bioactivities of different lipid classes are discussed with a focus on valuable lipids such as fatty acids, polar lipids, steroids, and oxylipins from various diatoms species. Further, current extraction and fractionation approaches are compared and recent analytical techniques and methods are also reviewed with an emphasis on lipid class composition and fatty acid profiling. Biosynthetic pathways and key catalyzing enzymes are illustrated for a better understanding of fatty acid metabolism. Past engineering attempts toward generating appropriate diatom strains for lipid production are discussed with examples using mutagenesis, environmental stimulants, and genetic modification methods. Some possible future directions and applications of diatom-derived lipids are also proposed.

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Section: Genetic Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Valuable Lipids in Diatoms

et al. 2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Genetic manipulations of lipid production in the model diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, are ambiguous. Although there is one report showing that an overexpression of a type II diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT; ProtID 49462) involved in TAG biosynthesis increases the accumulation of natural lipids in P. tricornutum (15), there are several reports indicating that manipulating FA biosynthesis does not significantly affect rates of lipid production (13,14,16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Remodeling of intermediate metabolism in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum under nitrogen stress

Levitan¹,

Dinamarca²,

Zelzion

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

215

217

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Diatoms are unicellular algae that accumulate significant amounts of triacylglycerols as storage lipids when their growth is limited by nutrients. Using biochemical, physiological, bioinformatics, and reverse genetic approaches, we analyzed how the flux of carbon into lipids is influenced by nitrogen stress in a model diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Our results reveal that the accumulation of lipids is a consequence of remodeling of intermediate metabolism, especially reactions in the tricarboxylic acid and the urea cycles. Specifically, approximately one-half of the cellular proteins are cannibalized; whereas the nitrogen is scavenged by the urea and glutamine synthetase/glutamine 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase pathways and redirected to the de novo synthesis of nitrogen assimilation machinery, simultaneously, the photobiological flux of carbon and reductants is used to synthesize lipids. To further examine how nitrogen stress triggers the remodeling process, we knocked down the gene encoding for nitrate reductase, a key enzyme required for the assimilation of nitrate. The strain exhibits 40-50% of the mRNA copy numbers, protein content, and enzymatic activity of the wild type, concomitant with a 43% increase in cellular lipid content. We suggest a negative feedback sensor that couples photosynthetic carbon fixation to lipid biosynthesis and is regulated by the nitrogen assimilation pathway. This metabolic feedback enables diatoms to rapidly respond to fluctuations in environmental nitrogen availability.lipid | metabolism | stress | NR | RNAi

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“…Increasing the lipid content of rapidly growing microalgae is a desirable approach to producing biodiesel by cell culture. To date, significant advances in microalgal genomics have been achieved [6,27], and two reports of enhanced lipid content of diatoms due to genetic engineering have been published [16,17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trentacoste et al successfully increased microalgal lipid accumulation without compromising the growth in Thalassiosira pseudonana by a knockdown of a multifunctional lipase/phospholipase/ acyltransferase [16]. Niu et al found that the overexpression of an acyl-Coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene in Phaeodactylum tricornutum can increase lipid biosynthesis [17]. In addition to genes that are directly related to lipid metabolism, many valuable transcription factors (TFs) that are involved in the regulation of lipid synthesis in higher plants have been identified in recent years [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of the soybean transcription factor GmDof4 significantly enhances the lipid content of

Zhang

Hao

Bai

et al. 2014

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background: The lipid content of microalgae is regarded as an important indicator for biodiesel. Many attempts have been made to increase the lipid content of microalgae through biochemical and genetic engineering. Significant lipid accumulation in microalgae has been achieved using biochemical engineering, such as nitrogen starvation, but the cell growth was severely limited. However, enrichment of lipid content in microalgae by genetic engineering is anticipated. In this study, GmDof4 from soybean (Glycine max), a transcription factor affecting the lipid content in Arabidopsis, was transferred into Chlorella ellipsoidea. We then investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the enhancement of the lipid content of transformed C. ellipsoidea.

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Improvement of Neutral Lipid and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis by Overexpressing a Type 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase in Marine Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Cited by 240 publications

References 27 publications

Exploring Valuable Lipids in Diatoms

Exploring Valuable Lipids in Diatoms

Remodeling of intermediate metabolism in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum under nitrogen stress

Overexpression of the soybean transcription factor GmDof4 significantly enhances the lipid content of

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