Improvement of ink and heavy metal removal from old corrugated container stock by alkali kneading

Cho, Byoung-Uk; Ryu, Jeong-Yong; Song, Bongkeun

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2011.11.135

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…When the cardboard is recycled, it is pulped at about 50°C and at a pH around 11 to liberate the fibers from the board structure [5]. Moreover, the pulp can be further treated with alkali (pH around [12][13] to improve the physical properties of the fibers such as flexibility and tensile strength [10,11]. The recycling process needs a high yield (more than 80%) due to the low cost of the packaging products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lignin can be found and recovered in various plants such as olives [13], rice [14], and oil palm [15]. Several applications of lignin are under study, for example, as a binder [11] or as a source of chemical compounds (e.g., aromatics) [16,17]. At the industrial level, the primary source of lignin is the one removed from wood during the alkaline "Kraft" pulping process [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Separation and recovery of lignin and hydrocarbon derivatives from cardboard

Tofani

Cornet

Tavernier

2020

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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This study investigates the feasibility of acid precipitation for the separation and recovery of lignin and hydrocarbon derivatives from the waste stream of the alkali extraction of recycled cardboard. The recovery of chemicals from this effluent is complex due to their heterogeneity. Apart from the lignin and hydrocarbon derivatives, also, fillers, inks, and polysaccharides are present. A procedure of fractional acid precipitation was designed, reducing the pH from 10.7 to 8.8, 7.2, 5.1, 3.1, and 1.5. Each solid fraction was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy to determine its chemical composition and amount of precipitate. A mixture of lignin and hydrocarbon derivatives was detected in the solids obtained at pH 3.1. A dichloromethane extraction of the hydrocarbon derivatives was performed. Both recovered lignin and hydrocarbon were analyzed by infrared and gel permeation chromatography. The lignin showed similar characteristics (e.g., molecular weight ≈ 10.000 Dalton) as commercial lignin from virgin softwood. For the hydrocarbon derivatives, a molecular weight range between 10000 Dalton and 150 Dalton was observed. In conclusion, this paper shows that the recovery of lignin and hydrocarbon derivatives is scientifically and technologically possible from the waste stream of the cardboard recycling processes. Further research is necessary to improve the extraction efficiency that was around 7.9% for the lignin and around 5.5% of the total amount of extractives compared to their amount in cardboard. Despite the low extraction efficiency, the estimated 9.6 million tons of lignin present in cardboard and the lignin price around 300-500 USD/ton make this research of industrial interest.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%