Improvement of extraction method of coagulation active components from Moringa oleifera seed

Abstract

A new method for the extraction of the active coagulation component from Moringa oleifera seeds was developed and compared with the ordinary water extraction method (MOC-DW). In the new method, 1.0 mol l-1 solution of sodium chloride (MOC-SC) and other salts were used for extraction of the active coagulation component. Batch coagulation experiments were conducted using 500 ml of low turbid water (50 NTU). Coagulation efficiencies were evaluated based on the dosage required to remove kaolinite turbidity in water. MOC-SC showed better coagulation activity with dosages 7.4 times lower than that using MOC-DW for the removal of kaolinite turbidity. MOC-SC could effectively coagulate more than 95% of the 50 NTU initial kaolin turbidity using only 4 ml l-1 , while 32 ml l-1 of MOC-DW could only remove about 78% of the same kaolin turbidity. The improvement of coagulation efficiency by NaCl is apparently due to the salting-in mechanism in proteins wherein a salt increases protein-protein dissociations leading to increasing protein solubility as the salt ionic strength increases. There was no difference in the coagulation efficiency observed for extracts using any of four 1:1 salts (NaCl, KNO3, KCl and NaNO3) in our study. Purification and isolation of the active component confirmed that the active component of MOC-SC was mainly protein.

Solid-State Characterization and Dissolution Properties of Meloxicam–Moringa Coagulant–PVP Ternary Solid Dispersions

“…We found salt extraction to be less time consuming and gave considerable higher yield of MC than aqueous extraction which was in complete agreement with Okuda et al (30). The reason seems to be the salting out effect, wherein a salt increases protein dissociations leading to increased protein solubility and consequently its extraction.…”

Moringa oleifera: bioactive compounds and nutritional potential

“…The aqueous seed extract has been traditionally used to purify water in Africa and, in South Asian countries, as a natural coagulant since it has high levels of active cationic proteins with molecular mass between 6 and 16kDa and highly alkaline isoelectric points 3,13,46,47 , with a coagulation efficiency similar to that of alumen in samples with high turbidimetry 13 . Studies have demonstrated low toxicity of this water extract, with a LD 50 value of 512.8mg/kg body weight 16,48,49 .…”

Adsorption study on municipal solid waste leachate using Moringa oleifera seed

“…Further, the cost of this natural coagulant would be less expensive compared with the conventional coagulant (alum) for water and wastewater purification (Okuda et al 1999(Okuda et al , 2001Broin et al 2002) since it is available in most rural communities (Gideon and Richardson 2010). Because of the abundance source, low price, multi-purposes, biodegradation properties (Yarahmadi et al 2009;Sharma et al 2006;Katayon et al 2005), better coagulation properties (Nwaiwu and Bello 2011) and antimicrobial properties (Amagloh and Benang 2009), M. oleifera can be encouraged to use in water and wastewater purification purposes.…”