Improvement of data receive ratio in remote water meter system by upgrading sensor

Abstract

A remote Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system was developed for water supply organizations and implemented in the field. To improve data acquisition, a water AMR sensor was modified. A water meter sensor with lower noise was introduced and efficient wireless transmission was studied. Low reliability of data acquisition was the most difficult problem in the field. A success ratio of at least 98% is required for stable and economical operation of an AMR. The ratio of reliable data acquisition in a trial AMR with image acquisition using a digital camera was only 67.8%, but tests using the improved sensor showed a reliable acquisition ratio of up to 97.38%. The MR (Magnetic Resistive) Reed switch and CYBLE sensor modules were simply mounted on mechanical water meters to achieve remote metering. The terminal was connected by a cable to the meter. For short distance transmission to a collector, RF (Radio Frequency) and Zigbee modules were used. For long distance transmission to a server, a CDMA cellular network was employed.

A water pumping control system with a programmable logic controller (PLC) and industrial wireless modules for industrial plants—An experimental setup

“…The existing wireless solution was reviewed, and the work explored potential matches between industry needs and existing wireless standards. A remote Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system was developed for water supply organisations in [9]. In that work, for implementing the system, an MR (magnetic resistance) sensor, Reed switch and CYBLE sensor type modules were used, and for installing for system communication, RF and Zigbee modules were used.…”

Performance evaluation of wireless networked control system via IEEE 802.15.4 with time-triggered CSMA/CA algorithm

“…[9][10][11][12] Recently, wireless personal area network (WPAN) protocols such as IEEE 802.15.4 or IEEE 802.15.1 have emerged for the wireless connection of sensor devices that consume little power. [13][14][15] Although the IEEE 802.15.4 is considered to a promising protocol for wireless networked control systems (NCS), its performance is not stable and its delay is not bounded under heavy traffic because its medium access control (MAC) is based on the contention-based carrier sensing multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) scheme. 4 To overcome the limitation in the protocol, several researches about IEEE 802.15.4 beacon mode for industrial networks have already been reported.…”

“…19 As an alternative approach to reduce the uncertainty and satisfy the allowable transmission delay for cyclically generated messages that can be found in the NCS, 20-23 this paper presents a timetriggered CSMA/CA algorithm for IEEE 802. 15 15.4. In general, the NCS has a pair of frames such as cyclically transmitted control and response signals as shown in Fig.…”