Improved Water Retention and Positive Behavior of Silica Based Geopolymer Utilizing Granite Powder

Nadeem, Muhammad; Ilyas, Samina; Haq, Ehsan Ul; Ahmed, Furqan; Zain-ul-abdein, Muhammad; Karim, Muhammad Ramzan Abdul; Zaidi, Syed Farrukh Alam

doi:10.1007/s12633-021-01047-x

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Granite is a felsic plutonic rock with high silicon and aluminum content and medium to coarse grains, and it is among the most common plutonic rocks in the upper continental crust. ,, Granite is a promising candidate for GP synthesis because of its chemical composition and its prevalence worldwide. ,, Mineralogically, granite mainly consists of quartz, plagioclase, K-feldspar, and biotite. , Granite-based GPs can be synthesized through alkali activation or alkali fusion processes. Alkali fusion includes alkali thermal preactivation of less reactive precursors by calcination of a dry mixture of these raw precursors with alkali hydroxides, at temperatures above the alkali hydroxide melting point.…”

Section: Gp Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Si/Al ratio is a key factor controlling GP properties through its impact on the network connectivity (Si–O–T, where T is Al or Si) and the degree of Si(OH) 4 and Al(OH) 4 emancipation. , In general, the Si content determines the condensation between Si–O–Si and Al–O–Si species and strongly influences late-age compressive strength of the material, while the Al content regulates a GP’s type of network formation, framework, and setting time. , At low Si/Al ratios (i.e., higher Al contents), condensation of Al–O–Si species governs the system and results in the formation of polysialate structures, a matrix with larger grains, and thus lower compressive strength. In contrast, a high reactive Si content (i.e., lower Al content) leads to the formation of oligomeric silicates and rigid 3D networks of poly(sialate-siloxo)/poly(sialate-disiloxo) structures, with high compressive strengths at later ages but prolonged setting times, mainly due to the lower condensation rate between silicate species. , Note that for systems with relatively high Ca content, Si/Al-dependent setting time trends are more ambiguous, as the Ca content also needs to be considered.…”

Section: Factors Affecting the Properties Of Gpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can be produced by mixing a liquid activator (i.e., hardener), such as solutions of K 2 SiO 3 , Na 2 SiO 3 , NaOH, KOH, Na 2 CO 3 , and K 2 CO 3 , with various sources of (solid) reactive aluminosilicate precursors. The precursors most considered are fly ash, metakaolin, blast furnace slag, naturally occurring rocks, natural soil, biomass ash, rice husk ash, red mud, mine tailings, and glass product waste. − Some of the major benefits of GPs over OPC-based binders are their environmental and economic merits, low Ca content, simple synthesis process, lower chemical shrinkage, rapid strength development, low matrix permeability, resistance to fire and acid attack, and the potential to immobilize toxic materials. ,− However, these properties can vary significantly depending on the mix design of the slurry and the minerology of the GPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives

et al. 2023

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Wellbores used in underground production and storage activities, including carbon capture and storage (CCS), are typically sealed using sealants based on Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). However, leakage along these seals or through them during CCS operations can pose a significant threat to long-term storage integrity. In this review paper, we explore the potential of geopolymer (GP) systems as alternative sealants in wells exposed to CO 2 during CCS. First, we discuss how key parameters control the mechanical properties, permeability, and chemical durability of GPs based on different starting materials as well as their optimum values. These parameters include the chemical and mineralogical composition, particle size, and particle shape of the precursor materials; the composition of the hardener; the chemistry of the full system (particularly the Si/Al, Si/(Na+K), Si/Ca, Si/Mg, and Si/Fe ratios); the water content of the mix; and the conditions under which curing occurs. Next, we review existing knowledge on the use of GPs as wellbore sealants to identify key knowledge gaps and challenges and the research needed to address these challenges. Our review shows the great potential of GPs as alternative wellbore sealant materials in CCS (as well as other applications) due to their high corrosion durability, low matrix permeability, and good mechanical properties. However, important challenges are identified that require further research, such as mix optimization, taking into account curing and exposure conditions and available starting materials; the development of optimalization workflows, along with building larger data sets on how the identified parameters affect GP properties, can streamline this optimization for future applications.

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Section: Gp Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Factors Affecting the Properties Of Gpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives

et al. 2023

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“…Depending on the amount of Na 2 O and curing time in the alkali activation process, the compressive strength of geopolymer mortar reaches up to 40.5 MPa [40]. When the activator solution consists of 18% Na 2 SiO 3 , 7% NaOH and 75% distilled water, the silicon-based geopolymer from granite waste has a maximum compressive strength of 22 MPa after curing at 220°C for 2 h [41].…”

Section: ) Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Reutilization of Granite Waste in Various Fields

Wang

Zhan

et al. 2021

J. Mater. Sci. Technol. Res.

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Quarrying and processing of granite produce large amounts of waste residues. Besides being a loss of resources, improper disposal of these wastes results in pollution of the soil, water and air around the dumpsites. The main components of granite waste are quartz, feldspars and a small amount of biotite. Due to its hard and dense texture, high strength, corrosion resistance and wear resistance, granite waste may be recycled into building materials, composite materials and fine ceramics, effectively improving their mechanical properties and durability. By using the flotation process, high value-added products such as potash feldspar and albite may be retrieved from granite waste. Also, granite waste has the potential for application in soil remediation and sewage treatment. This review presents recent advances in granite waste reutilization, and points out the problems associated with its use, and the related countermeasures, indicating the scale of high value-added reutilization of granite waste.

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“…The former, however, involves the process of calcination and therefore, has high processing costs compared to the latter. Consequently, NS is getting more attention for the production of GP due to its ready availability, low-cost processing, and environment friendliness [ 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Geopolymer from a Novel Aluminosilicate-Based Natural Soil Precursor Using Electric Oven Curing for Improved Mechanical Strength

et al. 2022

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Natural soil (NS)-based geopolymers (GPs) have shown promise as environmentally friendly construction materials. The production of ordinary Portland cement is known to release significant amounts of greenhouse gas (CO2) into the atmosphere. The main objective of this work is to synthesize a geopolymer (GP) from an uncommon aluminosilicate-based NS and a sodium silicate (SS) activating solution that would not only minimize the emission of harmful gases, but also offer improved mechanical strength. Samples of different compositions were produced by varying the wt.% of NS from 50% to 80% and adding a balancing amount of SS solution. The drying and curing of the samples were carried out in an electric oven at specific temperatures. The degree of geopolymerization in the samples was measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and microstructural analysis was performed using a scanning electron microscope. Mechanical tests were conducted to evaluate the range of compressive strength values of the prepared GP samples. A minimum compressive strength of 10.93 MPa at a maximum porosity of 37.56% was observed in a sample with an NS to SS ratio of 1:1; while a ratio of 3:1 led to the maximum compressive strength of 26.39 MPa and the minimum porosity of 24.60%. The maximum strength (26.39 MPa) was found to be more than the reported strength values for similar systems. Moreover, an improvement in strength by a factor of three has been observed relative to previously developed NS-based GPs. It may be inferred from the findings that for the given NS, with almost 90% aluminosilicate content, the extent of geopolymerization increases significantly with its increasing proportions, yielding better mechanical strength.

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Improved Water Retention and Positive Behavior of Silica Based Geopolymer Utilizing Granite Powder

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives

Recent Advances in the Reutilization of Granite Waste in Various Fields

Synthesis of Geopolymer from a Novel Aluminosilicate-Based Natural Soil Precursor Using Electric Oven Curing for Improved Mechanical Strength

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Improved Water Retention and Positive Behavior of Silica Based Geopolymer Utilizing Granite Powder

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO2 Exposure and Perspectives

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO2 Exposure and Perspectives

Recent Advances in the Reutilization of Granite Waste in Various Fields

Synthesis of Geopolymer from a Novel Aluminosilicate-Based Natural Soil Precursor Using Electric Oven Curing for Improved Mechanical Strength

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Product

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Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives