Improved tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.) to heavy metals by colonization of a dark septate endophyte (DSE) Exophiala pisciphila

Li, T.; Liu, M.J.; Zhang, X.T.; Zhang, H.B.; Tao, Sha; Zhao, Zhongqiu

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.12.012

Cited by 133 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The production of melanized hyphae may be a survival strategy of DSE fungi in stressed environments and may protect plants from free radicals 32 . The melanin produced by DSE also has high antioxidant power and may be important for plant survival in stress environments 33 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark septate endophyte decreases stress on rice plants

Santos

Silva

García

et al. 2017

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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Abiotic stress is one of the major limiting factors for plant development and productivity, which makes it important to identify microorganisms capable of increasing plant tolerance to stress. Dark septate endophytes can be symbionts of plants. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of dark septate endophytes isolates to reduce the effects of water stress in the rice varieties Nipponbare and Piauí. The experiments were performed under gnotobiotic conditions, and the water stress was induced with PEG. Four dark septate endophytes were isolated from the roots of wild rice (Oryza glumaepatula) collected from the Brazilian Amazon. Plant height as well as shoot and root fresh and dry matter were measured. Leaf protein concentrations and antioxidant enzyme activity were also estimated. The dark septate endophytes were grown in vitro in Petri dishes containing culture medium; they exhibited different levels of tolerance to salinity and water stress. The two rice varieties tested responded differently to inoculation with dark septate endophytes. Endophytes promoted rice plant growth both in the presence and in the absence of a water deficit. Decreased oxidative stress in plants in response to inoculation was observed in nearly all inoculated treatments, as indicated by the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity. Dark septate endophytes fungi were shown to increase the tolerance of rice plants to stress caused by water deficiency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark septate endophyte decreases stress on rice plants

Santos

Silva

García

et al. 2017

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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“…Therefore, it is suggested that the process of compartmentalization of arsenic may be a unique mechanism which may also play role in detoxification of the arsenic during colonization and that has to be studied. In a previous study a metal tolerant fungus, Exophiala pisciphila , (H93) was shown to accumulated over 5% Cadmium (Cd) of its dry weight intracellularly (Zhang et al, 2008) and enhances colonized maize plant's tolerance to Lead, Zinc, and Cd (Li et al, 2011). Similarly, our study has also revealed that the endophyte imparts tolerance to arsenic using not only vacuolar entrapment and cell wall adsorption but it also precipitates arsenic out side of the fungal cell (Figure 8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Fungi Piriformospora indica Mediated Protection of Host from Arsenic Toxicity

et al. 2017

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Complex intercellular interaction is a common theme in plant-pathogen/symbiont relationship. Cellular physiology of both the partners is affected by abiotic stress. However, little is known about the degree of protection each offers to the other from different types of environmental stress. Our current study focused on the changes in response to toxic arsenic in the presence of an endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica that colonizes the paddy roots. The primary impact of arsenic was observed in the form of hyper-colonization of fungus in the host root and resulted in the recovery of its overall biomass, root damage, and chlorophyll due to arsenic toxicity. Further, fungal colonization leads to balance the redox status of the cell by adjusting the antioxidative enzyme system which in turn protects photosynthetic machinery of the plant from arsenic stress. We observed that fungus has ability to immobilize soluble arsenic and interestingly, it was also observed that fungal colonization restricts most of arsenic in the colonized root while a small fraction of it translocated to shoot of colonized plants. Our study suggests that P. indica protects the paddy (Oryza sativa) from arsenic toxicity by three different mechanisms viz. reducing the availability of free arsenic in the plant environment, bio-transformation of the toxic arsenic salts into insoluble particulate matter and modulating the antioxidative system of the host cell.

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“…DSE fungi are reported to improve heavy-metal tolerance in plants such as maize [55]; DSE isolates from lead and zinc mining and smelting sites show high heavy-metal tolerance and accumulate heavy metals in their mycelia, promising the enhancement of heavy-metal tolerance in plants as well [56]. Compared with DSEs such as those in the genus Phialocephala , Rhizodermea and Rhizoscyphus are nonclavicipitaceous endophytes, which broadly and extensively colonize shoots, roots, and rhizomes and some of which confer drought, heat, and pathogen tolerance in plants [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Fungal Endophytes Enhance Heavy-Metal Stress Tolerance of Clethra barbinervis Growing Naturally at Mining Sites via Growth Enhancement, Promotion of Nutrient Uptake and Decrease of Heavy-Metal Concentration

et al. 2016

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Clethra barbinervis Sieb. et Zucc. is a tree species that grows naturally at several mine sites and seems to be tolerant of high concentrations of heavy metals, such as Cu, Zn, and Pb. The purpose of this study is to clarify the mechanism(s) underlying this species’ ability to tolerate the sites’ severe heavy-metal pollution by considering C. barbinervis interaction with root fungal endophytes. We measured the heavy metal concentrations of root-zone soil, leaves, branches, and fine roots collected from mature C. barbinervis at Hitachi mine. We isolated fungal endophytes from surface-sterilized root segments, and we examined the growth, and heavy metal and nutrient absorption of C. barbinervis seedlings growing in sterilized mine soil with or without root fungal endophytes. Field analyses showed that C. barbinervis contained considerably high amounts of Cu, Zn, and Pb in fine roots and Zn in leaves. The fungi, Phialocephala fortinii, Rhizodermea veluwensis, and Rhizoscyphus sp. were frequently isolated as dominant fungal endophyte species. Inoculation of these root fungal endophytes to C. barbinervis seedlings growing in sterilized mine soil indicated that these fungi significantly enhanced the growth of C. barbinervis seedlings, increased K uptake in shoots and reduced the concentrations of Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, and Pb in roots. Without root fungal endophytes, C. barbinervis could hardly grow under the heavy-metal contaminated condition, showing chlorosis, a symptom of heavy-metal toxicity. Our results indicate that the tree C. barbinervis can tolerate high heavy-metal concentrations due to the support of root fungal endophytes including P. fortinii, R. veluwensis, and Rhizoscyphus sp. via growth enhancement, K uptake promotion and decrease of heavy metal concentrations.

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Improved tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.) to heavy metals by colonization of a dark septate endophyte (DSE) Exophiala pisciphila

Cited by 133 publications

References 36 publications

Dark septate endophyte decreases stress on rice plants

Dark septate endophyte decreases stress on rice plants

Endophytic Fungi Piriformospora indica Mediated Protection of Host from Arsenic Toxicity

Root Fungal Endophytes Enhance Heavy-Metal Stress Tolerance of Clethra barbinervis Growing Naturally at Mining Sites via Growth Enhancement, Promotion of Nutrient Uptake and Decrease of Heavy-Metal Concentration

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