Improved seminal characteristics in infertile men after a conservative treatment regimen based on the avoidance of testicular hyperthermia

Lynch, Rhian; Lewis‐Jones, D. I.; Machin, David; Desmond, A. D.

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49589-0

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Not only can hyperthermia induce abnormal semen parameters in previously fertile men but, more importantly, semen parameters can be improved in a group of subfertile men with simple avoidance of hyperthermia to the scrotum such as avoiding too-frequent hot baths [65]. However, the results of this study should be interpreted cautiously since no control group of untreated men was used.…”

Section: Hyperthermiamentioning

confidence: 87%

Preventable causes of male infertility

Thompson

1993

World J Urol

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The initial evaluation of the infertile man includes a diligent search for testicular factors, gonadotoxins, and coital factors so as to identify existing causes of impaired fertility and to prevent further dimunition in fertility. There are also prophylactic measures in the treatment of all men that can prevent future infertility, such as prompt correction of cryptorchidism, testicular torsion, genital infection, and adolescent varicocele and proper precautions to limit occupational, medical, and recreational gonadotoxins.

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Section: Hyperthermiamentioning

confidence: 87%

Preventable causes of male infertility

Thompson

1993

World J Urol

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“…A considerable proportion of germ cells is known to be constantly deleted by apoptosis during normal spermatogenesis [34], and testicular germ cells may utilize intracellular peroxide levels as determinants for the extent of germ cell apoptosis. From the clinical standpoint, the present study may offer insight into the effectiveness of antioxidant treatments on male infertility [50][51][52], because the oligospermic condition of some patients with male infertility may be associated with constant exposure to increased oxidative stress in the testis as a consequence of temperature elevation following formation of varicocele [7,8,50,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Radical Oxygen Species in Rat Testicular Germ Cell Apoptosis Induced by Heat Stress

Ikeda¹,

Kodama²,

Fukuda³

et al. 1999

Biology of Reproduction

163

117

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The present study was designed to clarify the role of radical oxygen species in testicular germ cell apoptosis induced by heat stress. Testicular cells isolated from immature rats were cultured with or without elevated temperature, and occurrence of apoptosis in these cells was defined by the appearance of DNA fragmentation following agarose gel electrophoresis and by flow cytometric quantification of apoptotic cells. At 32.5 degrees C, < 1% of cells showed signs of apoptosis throughout the culture period, whereas under heat stress, the proportion of apoptotic cells increased to 5% at 37 degrees C after 24 h of culture, or to 14% after 1-h exposure at 43 degrees C followed by 23-h culture at 32.5 degrees C. Similar to the effect of heat stress, exogenously supplied oxygen free radicals also induced apoptosis. In contrast, treatment with catalase significantly attenuated heat stress-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, heat stress of testicular cells was associated with an increased intracellular peroxide level as measured by a fluorescent probe, 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. In conclusion, our data indicate the involvement of radical oxygen species during testicular germ cell apoptosis induced by heat stress. This study provides a useful in vitro model for the study of testicular germ cell apoptosis.

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“…The adult testes of most mammalian species, including humans, are located extra-abdominally and function at a temperature that is 2°C to 4°C lower than the core body temperature [2]. Testicular heating, which can be caused by saunas, hot baths or by wearing close-fitting underwear, could inhibit spermatogenesis [3], [4]. It has been reported that mild testicular heating safely and reversibly suppresses spermatogenesis in several mammalian species, including humans [5], [6], mice [7], [8], rats [9], [10], monkeys [11], bulls [12] and sheep [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Scrotal Hyperthermia Induces Lipid Droplet Accumulation and Reveals a Different ADFP Expression Pattern between the Testes and Liver in Mice

et al. 2012

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BackgroundIn most mammals, the testes provide a stable environment for spermatogenesis, which depends on a lower temperature than the core body temperature. It has been reported that mild testicular heating safely and reversibly suppresses spermatogenesis, and is under consideration for its potential application as a male contraceptive. Previously, we focused on the molecular mechanism of germ cell apoptosis and anti-apoptotic factors induced by heat treatment in humans and mice. However, the recovery process remains under investigation.ResultsIn this study, we found that lipid droplets in mouse testes are dramatically increased after a brief period of scrotal hyperthermia, and gradually dissipate following temperature normalization. Analysis of the human testis proteome revealed nine proteins associated with lipid droplets. Two of them, ADFP (also known as ADRP and PLIN2) and TIP47 (also known as PLIN3) may participate in acute lipid droplet formation in mammalian testes. We show that Adfp expression is upregulated after scrotal heat treatment in mice. Surprisingly, we find Adfp lacking its 5′-UTR is observed in Adfp Δ1/Δ1 mouse testes, but is not detectable in liver.ConclusionsThese results reveal testis Adfp transcriptional regulation is tissue-specific, and is associated with lipid droplet accumulation induced by heat. The results also indicate that the testes could retain functional proteins through testes-specific transcriptional regulation.

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Improved seminal characteristics in infertile men after a conservative treatment regimen based on the avoidance of testicular hyperthermia

Cited by 28 publications

References 9 publications

Preventable causes of male infertility

Preventable causes of male infertility

Role of Radical Oxygen Species in Rat Testicular Germ Cell Apoptosis Induced by Heat Stress

Transient Scrotal Hyperthermia Induces Lipid Droplet Accumulation and Reveals a Different ADFP Expression Pattern between the Testes and Liver in Mice

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