Improved room temperature dielectric properties of Gd3+ and Nb5+ co-doped Barium Titanate ceramics

Batoo, Khalid Mujasam; Verma, Ritesh; Chauhan, Ankush; Kumar, Rajesh; Hadi, Muhammad; Aldossary, Omar M.; Al‐Douri, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.160836

Cited by 73 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…8. Similar phenomena have been examined by Batoo et al and Zhou et al for Ti based perovskite complexes [35,43]. As per the reports, for Ti based complex perovskites, the lower edge of the CB is set by Ti-3d states whereas the upper edge of the VB is set by O-2p states [40,43].…”

Section: Uv-visible Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The presence of Fe 2+ , Nb 4+ and Ti 3+ are basically because of the contributions of the OVs in the sample which is responsible for the transport mechanism. The O-1s spectra [Figure 6 [31,35]. In lead (Pb) based perovskites, OVs are created due to the volatile aspect of Pb during the high temperature sintering to maintain the charge neutralizations as per the relations: V o ⇔ V' o + e and V' o ⇔ V o " + e, where V' o and V o " are respectively the singly and doubly ionized OVs.…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural investigations, band gap narrowing and magnetic characteristics of multiferroic [Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3]0.4 - [(Ca0.2Sr0.8)TiO3]0.6

Padhee

Pati

Bhattacharjee

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We report a detailed and systematic investigation of the multifunctional properties of calcium strontium titanate [(Ca0.2Sr0.8)TiO3] substituted lead iron niobate [Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3] ceramic oxide manufactured by the effective high temperature solid state reaction method. Rietveld studies reveal the single phase formation of compound with a pseudocubic structure. The Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis predicts the presence of tensile strain. Different molecular vibrations were detected using the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The local structures and optical modes were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy technique. The microstructural analysis had been done by field emission gun scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was performed to check the purity. The detailed chemical structure and oxidation states were analyzed by incorporating the efficient X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique. In addition to the valence identifications, the presence of oxygen vacancies was evident from the XPS analysis. The optical band gap and Urbach energy were analyzed by UV-Visible spectroscopy analysis. Effect of structural distortions, oxygen vacancies and electro-negativity on band gap were discussed. The photocatalytic response was studied by using Mulliken’s model. The electrical properties were analyzed in the frameworks of dielectric constant, tan δ, complex impedance spectroscopy and conductivity studies. The Jonscher’s law analysis revealed the presence of correlated barrier hopping (CBH) conduction mechanism. The binding energy (Wm), minimum hopping length (Rmin) and density of states near Fermi level (N(EF)) were analyzed. The ferroelectricity was studied by room temperature P-E loop. The magnetic study was performed by means of the room temperature M-H loop. The detailed magnetic structure of Fe nuclei was analyzed by incorporating the room temperature 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy.

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Section: Uv-visible Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural investigations, band gap narrowing and magnetic characteristics of multiferroic [Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3]0.4 - [(Ca0.2Sr0.8)TiO3]0.6

Padhee

Pati

Bhattacharjee

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…At x = 0.18 mol% of the ceramic, the optimal values of k p , d 33 , and Q m were 0.34, 284 pC/N, and 91, respectively. Apparently, the BCTZ-NY x ceramics in this study featured relatively outstanding piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties, compared with the state-of-the-art BCZT, Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 , BiFeO 3 , and K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics [ 7 , 8 , 21 , 53 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Li et al reported a high piezoelectric constant and electromechanical coupling coefficient for Ce,Y-codoped BCZT ceramics [ 20 ]. Batoo et al reported that Gd,Nb-codoped BCZT ceramics exhibit good photoluminescence and dielectric properties [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectricity and Thermophysical Properties of Ba0.90Ca0.10Ti0.96Zr0.04O3 Ceramics Modified with Amphoteric Nd3+ and Y3+ Dopants

Tian

et al. 2023

Materials

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Lead-free barium calcium titanate zirconate (BCTZ) ceramics doped with a single rare-earth element generally exhibit excellent piezoelectric properties. However, their electrical properties deteriorate at an excessive dopant content, limiting their application. In this study, amphoteric neodymium (Nd3+) and yttrium (Y3+)-codoped BCTZ-NYx ceramics were synthesized via a solid-state reaction at 1240 °C. The influences of the Y3+ content (x) on the structural features, electrical properties, mechanical properties, and thermophysical properties were investigated. At a small x (<0.18 mol%), Y3+ could enhance the fracture strength and electrical properties by eliminating oxygen vacancies, defect dipoles, and/or structural defects. However, the outstanding performance deteriorated with excessive x. Additionally, the mechanism of the defect chemistry at different x was deduced. At an yttrium content of 0.18 mol%, the ceramic exhibited high piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity with low domain-switching activation energy (Ea = 0.401 eV), indicating that it could replace commercial lead-based piezoelectric ceramics.

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“…The bandgap of pure BST is higher than that of Al doped compositions. The difference in the bandgap of the prepared samples may be evaluated using the electronic states of HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbitals) and LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals) as well as the electronegativity of dopant and host ions [108,109]. The LUMO is around the d orbital of titanium (d) (Ti) and the s orbital of barium (Ba), whereas The HOMO is about the 2p oxygen orbital (O) in a BST-based material.…”

Section: Resistivity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant effect on structural, magnetic, electrical, and optical properties of lead-free Ba_0.6Sr_0.4Ti_1-xAl_xO₃ ceramics via Sr and Al Co-doping engineering

Mahmud

Ahamed

Khan

2022

Mater. Res. Express

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In this research, structural, magnetic, electrical, and optical properties of Al3+ substituted Ba0.6Sr0.4Ti1-xAlxO3 ceramics (where x = 0.00 to 0.20) have been investigated and discussed. The ceramic samples have been successfully synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The crystallinity of the prepared samples has been confirmed by X-ray peak broadening techniques such as the Williamson Hall (W-H) plot technique and the Scherrer method. The lattice constant "a", showing a significant drop as Al concentration increases, varies from 3.9420A to 3.9210A. The FTIR spectrum revealed a prominent peak between 435 cm−1 to 540 cm−1, without showing any secondary phase. Raman spectroscopic analysis showed that the prepared samples are in cubic phase with no phase transition. The shifting of a dominating peak in Raman at 580 cm-1 is due to the development of AlTi defects. VSM analysis at room temperature showed the ferromagnetic characteristics of all the samples. The highest value of the anisotropic constant (Ka~39.933 emu/cm3) has been seen at x=0.10. The real component of initial permeability is almost constant for the frequency range of about 75 MHz, and above this frequency range, it quickly reduces. At the high-frequency range, the prepared samples show an excellent relative quality factor due to the low dielectric loss, notably when x = 0.05. The prepared perovskites exhibited minimum eddy current loss characteristics due to the increment of AC resistivity at x=0.20. UV–visible spectroscopy shows a significant change in the energy bandgap from 3.23 eV to 3.04 eV with the doping concentrations.

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Improved room temperature dielectric properties of Gd3+ and Nb5+ co-doped Barium Titanate ceramics

Cited by 73 publications

References 80 publications

Structural investigations, band gap narrowing and magnetic characteristics of multiferroic [Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3]0.4 - [(Ca0.2Sr0.8)TiO3]0.6

Structural investigations, band gap narrowing and magnetic characteristics of multiferroic [Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3]0.4 - [(Ca0.2Sr0.8)TiO3]0.6

Piezoelectricity and Thermophysical Properties of Ba0.90Ca0.10Ti0.96Zr0.04O3 Ceramics Modified with Amphoteric Nd3+ and Y3+ Dopants

Giant effect on structural, magnetic, electrical, and optical properties of lead-free Ba_0.6Sr_0.4Ti_1-xAl_xO₃ ceramics via Sr and Al Co-doping engineering

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Improved room temperature dielectric properties of Gd3+ and Nb5+ co-doped Barium Titanate ceramics

Cited by 73 publications

References 80 publications

Structural investigations, band gap narrowing and magnetic characteristics of multiferroic [Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3]0.4 - [(Ca0.2Sr0.8)TiO3]0.6

Structural investigations, band gap narrowing and magnetic characteristics of multiferroic [Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3]0.4 - [(Ca0.2Sr0.8)TiO3]0.6

Piezoelectricity and Thermophysical Properties of Ba0.90Ca0.10Ti0.96Zr0.04O3 Ceramics Modified with Amphoteric Nd3+ and Y3+ Dopants

Giant effect on structural, magnetic, electrical, and optical properties of lead-free Ba0.6Sr0.4Ti1-xAlxO3 ceramics via Sr and Al Co-doping engineering

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Giant effect on structural, magnetic, electrical, and optical properties of lead-free Ba_0.6Sr_0.4Ti_1-xAl_xO₃ ceramics via Sr and Al Co-doping engineering