IntroductionLyssa viruses are representing a serious public health problem, especially in developing countries by causing lethal encephalitis in animals and humans. There is very few information on the way that lyssa viruses in general and Duvenhage virus caused disease [1]. This virus family has shape appear as a bullet, virion was envelop with a sense negatively RNA genome single strand which encodes for five proteins of viral: nucleoprotein, protein for matrix, phosphoprotein, glycoprotein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [2,3]. The incubation time is different, and the death is commonly occurred within six and eleven days after paralytic sign's forms, which limit treatment options [4]. Details of the lyssa virus's cycles like Duvenhage, Lagos bat, and Mokola viruses are unspecific [5,6]. The Lyssavirus genus of the family Rhabdoviridae consists of eleven additional virus species have been recognized within the genus Lyssavirus, which replicate in vertebrates, and mainly carried by bats except Mokola virus, and are restricted in special areas around the world [7]. African lyssa viruses include Mokola virus (MOKV), Lagos bat virus (LBV), and DUVV. European bat lyssa viruses 1 and 2 (EBLV 1 and 2 respectively), Irkut (IRKV), Aravan (ARAV), Khujant (KHUV) and West Caucasian bat virus (WCBV) cause cases in Europe and Asia. Australian bat Lyssavirus (ABLV) is restricted to Australia [8,9]. RABV (genotype 1) only bats isolated in South and North America, but rabies associated viruses have been bats isolated from another place. In Africa-countries, DUVV and LBV are bats associated with it, but Mokola virus is related with rodents and shrews [10]. Many susceptible vertebrates, sometimes have been found to be infected by rarely identified lyssaviruses, a human with Duvenhage virus [11,12]. The discovered of Duvenhage virus in South Africa in 1970 when the rabies was caused fatal like disease for a bitten person by a bat [13]. After that, they suggest that the virus isolated was a Miniopterusschreibersite for the reason that wide genus distribution in exposure area. The bat species previously identified as M. schreibersite in Africa is now known as Miniopterusnatalensis and then in 1986 the virus was isolated from an insectivorous bat, Nycteristhebaica in Zimbabwe. After 36 years later, DUVV was identified in human: in South Africa 2006 and subsequently in Kenya in 2007 [9]. Although most of the rabies infections are thought to be zoonotic, clinical cases have also been caused by Duvenhage virus, EBLV 1, EBLV 2, Australian bat Lyssavirus, Mokola virus and Irkut virus. Humans are likely to be susceptible to other rabies-related lyssa viruses [14]. Very few laboratories in African countries can diagnose species of rabies infection [9]. Some studies done to control measures and monitoring the spreading of lyssa viruses found that mongoose-related rabies in South Africa are different from classic rabies of dog [10]. Up to date no effective treatment is available for rabies infection. According to phylogeny, serological cro...