Improved method for the separation of ranitidine and its metabolites based on supercritical fluid chromatography

Simple and universal HPLC-UV method to determine cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and nizatidine in urine: Application to the analysis of ranitidine and its metabolites in human volunteers

“…These are equivalent to 4.2% for ranitidine N-oxide and 2% each of desmethyl ranitidine and ranitidine S-oxide of the administered ranitidine dose. These values for the metabolites are also similar to those previously published [16,25,26].…”

“…More complex or sophisticated liquid chromatography methods have also been reported for the individual analysis of H 2 antagonists in urine, including HPLC-MS [19][20][21], paired-ion HPLC-UV [22][23] post-column florescence derivatisation [24], HPLC-TLC [25] and supercritical chromatography [26]. Most of these methods require either solid-phase or liquid-phase extraction procedures which are time consuming.…”

Recent progress in pharmacokinetic applications of capillary electrophoresis

“…These methods, however, are not adaptable for use in pharmacokinetic studies because of their lack of selectivity. HPLC with UV or fluorescence detection has been widely used for the determination of both drugs in serum, urine, and pharmaceutical formulations [65][66][67][68][69]. These methods use considerable amounts of expensive and environmentally hazardous organic solvents.…”

Determination of ranitidine in urine by capillary electrophoresis-electrochemiluminescent detection

“…Due to its critical role in the pharmaceutical industry, it is important to determine ranitidine in biological fluids. Among the analytical techniques, polarography [2], high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [1,[3][4][5][6][7][8], thin layer chromatography (TLC) [9] and supercritical fluid chromatography [10] have been used for the determination of ranitidine. Although TLC method could simultaneously determine several samples and the standard solution, the plate coating, chamber saturation with mobile phase, and spotting were time-consuming and cost effective.…”