Determination of ranitidine in urine by capillary electrophoresis-electrochemiluminescent detection

Gao, Ying; Tian, Yiling; Sun, Xiuhua; Yin, Xue‐Bo; Xiang, Qian; Ma, Guansheng; Wang, Erkang

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.01.004

Cited by 47 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Previous work indicated that, when the concentration of Ru(bpy)3 2+ was 5 mmol/L, Ru(bpy)3 2+ had a good ECL efficiency. 22,28 As shown in Fig. 3, maximum ECL intensities are displayed at pH 8.0 and 7.5 in ECL cell and running buffer, respectively.…”

Section: Buffer Ph and Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…If the urine sample was directly injected into the capillary, proteins and other biomolecules presented in the urine matrix could be adsorbed to the wall of the capillary and could affect the separation of the drug. 27,28 In order to obtain a clear electropherogram, high reproducibility and detection sensitivity, getting rid of interferential compounds was necessary. 15,29,30 In this paper, the urine samples were mixed with 50 μL 0.1 mol/L NaOH and 2 mL ethyl acetate, shaken for 5 min and centrifuged for 10 min at 12000 r/min.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The longer injection time led to stronger ECL signal and lower separation efficiency due to the introduction of more analyte in the detection cell. 28 Therefore, in order to avoid the unfavorable conditions, we chose the electrokinetic injection of 12 s at 14 kV as a compromise. …”

Section: Injection Voltage and Injection Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetics of Propranolol Hydrochlorid in Human Urine by Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled with Electrochemiluminescence

et al. 2011

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Section: Buffer Ph and Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetics of Propranolol Hydrochlorid in Human Urine by Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled with Electrochemiluminescence

et al. 2011

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“…In additions, some of these methods have poor sensitivity, requiring expensive apparatus and most of them involve several manipulation steps before the final result of the analysis. Thin layer chromatography [14], HPLC [15,16], capillary electrophoreses [17,18], solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry [19], have been used for the determination of ranitidine and metronidazole. Furthermore, HPLC with diode array detection [15,20,21] has been used for simultaneous detection of ranitidine and metronidazole or detection of one of them with the same compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Determination of Ranitidine and Metronidazole at Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2007

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Single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs) were dispersed into DMSO, and a SWCNTs-film coated glassy carbon electrode was achieved via evaporating the solvent. The results indicated that CNT modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited efficiently electrocatalytic reduction for ranitidine and metronidazole with relatively high sensitivity, stability and life time. Under conditions of cyclic voltammetry, the potential for reduction of selected analytes is lowered by approximately 150 mV and current is enhanced significantly (7 times) in comparison to the bare glassy carbon electrode. The electrocatalytic behavior is further exploited as a sensitive detection scheme for these analytes determinations by hydrodynamic amperometry. Under optimized condition in amperometric method the concentration calibration range, detection limit and sensitivity were about, 0.1 -200 mM, detection limit (S/N ¼ 3) 6.3 Â 10 À8 mol L À1 and sensitivity 40 nA/mM for metronidazole and 0.3 -270 mM 7.73 Â 10 À8 mol L À1 and 25 nA/mM for ranitidine. In addition, the ability of the modified electrode for simultaneous determination of ranitidine and metronidazole was evaluated. The proposed method was successfully applied to ranitidine and metronidazole determination in tablets. The analytical performance of this sensor has been evaluated for detection of these analytes in serum as a real sample.

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“…26 Since the first report of Ru(bpy)3 2+ ECL in 1972, 27 Ru(bpy)3 2+ ECL as a sensitive detection method has been widely used for both analytical and bioanalytical purposes, coupled with flow-injection analysis (FIA), [28][29][30]31 and CE. [32][33][34][35][36] Recently, a great number of papers about the Ru(bpy)3 2+ CE-ECL detection of amines [37][38][39][40][41] and several reviews 24,25,42 have been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Atenolol and Metoprolol by Capillary Electrophoresis with Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Electrochemiluminescence Detection

et al. 2007

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Atenolol (AT) and metoprolol (ME) are antihypertensive drugs that belong to the family of selective β(1)-adrenergic receptor antagonists (β-blockers), which are widely used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias and myocardial infarction. 1 Due to their sedative effect, they are also used as doping agents in sports. An overdose of β-blockers may lead to bradycardia, hypotension, aggravation of cardiac failure, bronchospasm, hypoglycemia, and fatigue.2 Therefore, it is necessary to develop a sensitive and simple analytical method to determine β-blockers in many fields, including doping control, forensic analysis, toxicology and pharmacokinetic study.As a consequence of the widespread use of AT and ME, several analytical techniques have been developed for their determination in recent years, including spectrophotometry [3][4][5] and differential pulse voltammetry. 6,7 However, the sensitivity of these methods was limited. The most widely used were chromatographic techniques, such as gas chromatography (GC), 8,9 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and urtra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 18 Among them, expensive columns and costly apparatus were needed, and the analysis time was relatively long.The capillary electrophoresis (CE) technique has been developed for over 20 years, and has become a mature and wellestablished analytical tool. CE is characterized as a powerful separation technique because of its high efficiency, relatively short analysis time, and low sample and reagent consumption. As an alternative and complementary technique to HPLC for routine analysis, CE-UV has been used for AT and ME analysis. 19-22Because of the small sample volume being assayed, this method has encountered the problem of poor sensitivity, which has limited its application in practice. He et al. 23 developed an on-line ion-exchange preconcentration method for improving the detection sensitivity of CE-UV. The proposed method enhanced the detection sensitivity of CE-UV by about 5000 times for metoprolol compared with the normal electrokinetic injection.However, the preparation of a preconcentration column was complex for a general laboratory. Thus, it is very important to develop a simple and sensitive method to detect AT and ME.Electrochemiluminescence (also called electrogenerated chemiluminescence) is a means of converting electrical energy into radiative energy. 24 It has been proved to be a powerful analytical tool that combines the simplicity of electrochemistry and the inherent sensitivity and the wide linear range of the chemiluminescence method. 25Among the ECL systems, tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Ru(bpy)3 2+ -based ECL is the most valuable in fundamental studies and applications because of its stability and capability of undergoing ECL at room temperature in aqueous solutions and its regenerating during the ECL process. 26Since the first report of Ru(bpy)3 2+ ECL in 1972, 27 Ru(bpy)3 2+ ECL as a sensitive detection method has been...

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Determination of ranitidine in urine by capillary electrophoresis-electrochemiluminescent detection

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

Pharmacokinetics of Propranolol Hydrochlorid in Human Urine by Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled with Electrochemiluminescence

Pharmacokinetics of Propranolol Hydrochlorid in Human Urine by Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled with Electrochemiluminescence

Simultaneous Determination of Ranitidine and Metronidazole at Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Determination of Atenolol and Metoprolol by Capillary Electrophoresis with Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Electrochemiluminescence Detection

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