Improved Elevated Temperature Cycling of LiMn[sub 2]O[sub 4] Spinel Through the Use of a Composite LiF-Based Electrolyte

Sun, Xiaoming; Lee, H. S.; Yang, Xiao‐Qing; McBreen, J.

doi:10.1149/1.1405036

Cited by 61 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These new additives can be classified roughly into thesethreesubcategories: borate, 386-388 borane, 313,386,387,[389][390][391] and boronate. 392 Selected representatives from each category are also listed in Table 8.…”

Section: Bulk Electrolyte: Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries

2004

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Contents 1. Introduction and Scope 4303 1.1. Fundamentals of Battery Electrolytes 4303 1.2. The Attraction of "Lithium" and Its Challenge 4304 1.3. From "Lithium" to "Lithium Ion" 4305 1.4. Scope of This Review 4306 2. Electrolyte Components: History and State of the Art 4306 2.1. Solvents 4307 2.1.1. Propylene Carbonate (PC) 4308 2.1.2. Ethers 4308 2.1.3. Ethylene Carbonate (EC) 4309 2.1.4. Linear Dialkyl Carbonates 4310 2.2. Lithium Salts 4310 2.2.1. Lithium Perchlorate (LiClO 4 ) 4311 2.2.2. Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF 6 ) 4312 2.2.3. Lithium Tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ) 4312 2.2.4. Lithium Trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTf) 4312 2.2.5. Lithium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiIm) and Its Derivatives 4313

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Section: Bulk Electrolyte: Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries

2004

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“…dissolution in the organic electrolyte [9] - [12] -a process which is aggravated at elevated temperatures [11]. The capacity fade could also be due to the loss of crystallinity during cycling due to formation of oxygen deficiencies, Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface structure and equilibrium particle shape of the LiMn2O4spinel from first-principles calculations

2013

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First-principles density functional calculations were used to calculate surface properties of the LiMn 2 O 4 spinel. The calculations were benchmarked to obtain the correct semiconducting, JahnTeller distorted electronic ground state of bulk LiMn 2 O 4 and, using the same parameters, the predominant low-index polar surface facets (100), (110), and (111) were calculated to study their structure and stability. Following an investigation of possible surface terminations as well as surface layer reconstructions we find that the (111) LMO surface stabilizes through a targeted site-exchange of the under-coordinated surface Mn cations with fully coordinated tetrahedral sub-surface Li cations, effectively creating a partial inverse spinel arrangement at the surface.This reconstruction renders the (111) facet the most stable among the investigated facets. The equilibrium (Wulff) shape of a LiMn 2 O 4 particle was constructed and exhibits a cubo-octahedral shape with predominant (1 1 1) facets, in agreement with common experimental findings for the spinel structure.

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“…However, in comparison with the main lithium-ion battery cathode material LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 has the problem of severe capacity fading during charge and discharge cycles, which makes it unsuitable for commercial performances. The reason for capacity fading has been discussed based on the following factors: manganese dissolution [4,5], electrolyte decomposition at high potentials [6,7], Jahn-Teller distortion in the deeply discharged state [8], and loss of crystallinity during cycling [9]. In recent years, several investigations have been made to overcome capacity fading by doping the spinel with other metal cations such as Co [10,11], Ni [11], Cr [12], Fe [13], Al [11,14], and Mg [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%