Improved drilling and cutting with copper vapour lasers

Bergmann, H. W.; Mayerhofer, R.; Slunecko, Tomas; Hartmann, Markus; Gan, Eric

doi:10.1109/cleoe.1994.636520

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Copper vapor laser technology (copper vapor laser MOPA chain with an emitted wavelength of 514 and 578 nm) is based on a special oscillator power amplifier configuration to generate a mean power of 140 W. The beam is characterized by very small divergence (<140 mrad), short pulse duration (50 ns), and very high pulse power (600 kW). This technology is therefore highly suitable for metal surface superfinishing 5. Nanosecond timing of each amplifier resonance point permits firing of a predetermined number of pulses at high repetition rates (6.5 kHz).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Densely packed lines of indentations may represent the optimal implant surface if their depth, outer pore dimensions, and geometry are suitable for bone ingrowth 4. Recent progress in laser technology has made it possible to produce novel implant surfaces by introducing pores of defined geometry into metal implants with high precision and efficiency 5. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the osseointegration of copper vapor laser–superfinished titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) implants with pore sizes of 25, 50, and 200 μm in a rabbit intramedullary model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of pores created by laser superfinishing on osseointegration of titanium alloy implants

Stangl

Pries

Loos

et al. 2004

J Biomedical Materials Res

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The aim of this study was to assess the osseointegration of copper vapor laser-superfinished titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) implants with pore sizes of 25, 50, and 200 microm in a rabbit intramedullary model. Control implants were prepared by corundum blasting. Each animal received all four different implants in both femora and humeri. Using static and dynamic histomorphometry, the bone-implant interface and the peri-implant bone tissue were examined 3, 6, and 12 weeks postimplantation. Among the laser-superfinished implants, total bone-implant contact was smallest for the 25-microm pores, and was similar for 50- and 200-microm pore sizes at all time points. However, all laser-superfinished surfaces were inferior to corundum-blasted (CB) control implants in terms of bone-implant contact. Within the 12-week study period, remodeling of woven bone initially formed within pores occurred only in the implants with 200-microm pores. Implants with 25-microm pores showed the highest amount of peri-implant bone volume at all time points, indicating that the amount of peri-implant bone was not correlated with the quality of the bone-implant interface. At 3 and 6 weeks postsurgery, we did not find any differences in mineral apposition rates or bone formation rates between the various implant surfaces. However, the peri-implant bone formation rate at the end of the trial was 70 and 62% higher in implants with 50- and 200-microm pores compared with CB implants, respectively. We conclude that, although laser-superfinished implants were not superior to CB control implants in terms of osseointegration, our study has provided further insights into the mechanisms of bone remodeling within pores of various sizes, and may form a basis for future experiments to design optimal implant surfaces with the help of modern laser technology.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pores created by laser superfinishing on osseointegration of titanium alloy implants

Stangl

Pries

Loos

et al. 2004

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…However, the sintering process can lead to brittleness and reduced fatigue strength [29]. Recent progress in laser technology has made it possible to produce novel implant surfaces by introducing pores of defined geometry into metal implants with high precision and efficiency [30]. In a previous study conducted in our laboratory, we examined the osseointegration of copper vapor lasertextured titanium alloy (Ti6Al4 V) implants with pore sizes of 25, 50, and 200 mm in a rabbit intramedullary model [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of surface finish on the osseointegration of laser-treated titanium alloy implants

et al. 2004

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“…The latest experiments and theoretical simulations show also the possibility of high ablation rates per pulse [1 11 increasing the importance of short pulse lasers for drilling applications . The copper vapour laser is suitable for drilling holes with a diameter down to 10 1tm without any heat effected zone [12]. The plasma dynamics during material processing at high power densities have been studied [13,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Contribution to the beam plasma material interactions during material processing with TEA CO2 laser radiation</title>

Jaschek¹,

Konrad²,

Mayerhofer³

et al. 1995

SPIE Proceedings

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The TEA-C02-laser (ransverse1y xcited atmospheric pressure) is a tool for the pulsed processing of materials with peak power densities up to 1O" W/cm2 and a FWHM of 70 ns. The interaction between the laser beam, the surface of the work piece and the surrounding atmosphere as well as gas pressure and the formation of an induced plasma influences the response of the target. It was found that depending on the power density and the atmosphere the response can take two forms. (1) No target modification due to optical break through of the atmosphere and therefore shielding of the target (air pressure above 10 mbar, depending on the material).(2) Processing of materials (air pressure below 10 mbar, depending on the material) with melting of metallic surfaces (power density above 0.5 lO W/cm2), hole formation (power density of 5 iO W/cm2) and shock hardening (power density of 3 .5 lO W/cm2). All those phenomena are usually linked with the occurance of laser upported combustion waves (LSC) and laser upported detonation waves (LSD), respectively for which the mechanism is still not completely understood. The present paper shows how short time photography and spatial and temporal resolved spectroscopy can be used to better understand the various processes that occur during laser beam interaction. The spectra of titanium and aluminum are observed and correlated with the modification of the target. If the power density is high enough and the gas pressure above a material and gas composition specific threshold, the plasma radiation shows only spetral lines of the background atmosphere. If the gas pressure is below this threshold, a modification of the target surface (melting, evaporation and solid state transformation) with TEA-C02-laser pulses is possible and the material specific spectra is observed. In some cases spatial and temporal resolved spectroscopy of a plasma allows the calculation of electron temperatures by comparison of two spectral lines.

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Improved drilling and cutting with copper vapour lasers

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of pores created by laser superfinishing on osseointegration of titanium alloy implants

Influence of pores created by laser superfinishing on osseointegration of titanium alloy implants

Effect of surface finish on the osseointegration of laser-treated titanium alloy implants

<title>Contribution to the beam plasma material interactions during material processing with TEA CO2 laser radiation</title>

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