Improved cold tolerance and its mechanism in cold-acclimated rats by high fat diet feeding

Kuroshima, Akihiro; Doi, Katsuhiko; Yahata, Takehiro; Ohno, Tomie

doi:10.1139/y77-126

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…High-fat diet feeding is beneficial to animals exposed to cold [5,15,18]. We examined the SO intake of rats exposed to cold in a free-feeding condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sci. 67 (7): [653][654][655][656][657][658] 2005 There are several benefits to a high-fat diet for animals exposed to cold, including improved tolerance to severe cold conditions and increased survival rates in cold environments [5,15,18]. Previous studies have examined diets that included a higher portion of lipid than standard diets.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Changes in the blood levels of glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyrate caused by ACE were also measured to evaluate changes in the use of these substances by cold exposure [15]. The interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) was weighed to assess its generation of heat [10,15]. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, in the present study we examined the SO intake of rats exposed to cold (4 ± 2°C) under a free-feeding condition in which both SO and a standard laboratory chow were available ad libitum. We also measured rectal temperature upon acute cold exposure (ACE: -20°C in a cold room, 60 min) to evaluate the effect of ingestion of SO on cold tolerance of rats compared with rats not given SO [15]. Changes in the blood levels of glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyrate caused by ACE were also measured to evaluate changes in the use of these substances by cold exposure [15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also measured rectal temperature upon acute cold exposure (ACE: -20°C in a cold room, 60 min) to evaluate the effect of ingestion of SO on cold tolerance of rats compared with rats not given SO [15]. Changes in the blood levels of glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyrate caused by ACE were also measured to evaluate changes in the use of these substances by cold exposure [15]. The interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) was weighed to assess its generation of heat [10,15].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Preference for Safflower Oil in Rats Exposed to a Cold Environment under Free-Feeding Conditions

Saitoh

Ishii

Takewaki

et al. 2005

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. There are several benefits to a high-fat diet for animals exposed to cold, including improved tolerance to severe cold conditions and increased survival rates in cold environments. It is therefore of interest to examine whether animals exposed to cold will selectively consume lipids. We examined the intake of safflower oil (SO) by rats exposed to cold (4 ± 2°C) under a feeding condition in which the rats were given free access to SO. Rats exposed to cold consumed more SO than those housed at 25 ± 2°C. This finding suggests that rats prefer SO in a cold environment. There was no significant difference in the ratio of calories of SO ingested to that of matter (standard laboratory chow plus SO) ingested between rats exposed to cold and those at 25 ± 2°C. The high SO intake also affected cold tolerance and metabolite kinetics in the rats. Factors that affected the SO intake of rats exposed to cold are also discussed. KEY WORDS: cold exposure, cold tolerance, interscapular adipose tissue, rats, safflower oil.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 67 (7): [653][654][655][656][657][658] 2005 There are several benefits to a high-fat diet for animals exposed to cold, including improved tolerance to severe cold conditions and increased survival rates in cold environments [5,15,18]. Previous studies have examined diets that included a higher portion of lipid than standard diets. Thus, animals were forced to eat a high-fat diet to satisfy their energy needs and to obtain essential nutrients. However, whether animals prefer lipids in a cold environment has not been studied. It is therefore of interest to examine whether animals exposed to cold will selectively consume lipids. Safflower oil (SO) has often been used as a lipid in experiments related to diet [8, 20-22, 26, 27]. Thus, in the present study we examined the SO intake of rats exposed to cold (4 ± 2°C) under a free-feeding condition in which both SO and a standard laboratory chow were available ad libitum. We also measured rectal temperature upon acute cold exposure (ACE: -20°C in a cold room, 60 min) to evaluate the effect of ingestion of SO on cold tolerance of rats compared with rats not given SO [15]. Changes in the blood levels of glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyrate caused by ACE were also measured to evaluate changes in the use of these substances by cold exposure [15]. The interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) was weighed to assess its generation of heat [10,15]. MATERIALS AND METHODSMale Slc: Wistar rats 9 week of age (Japan SLC, Shizuoka, Japan) were divided into 4 groups with 2 rats per cage (Fig. 1). Two groups were housed at room temperature (25 ± 2°C) for 4 week and then exposed to cold (4 ± 2°C, using a cold room) for the following 3 week period. The 1st group served as controls exposed to the cold environment (CECNT), and the 2nd group had access to SO (CESO). The other 2 groups were fed at room temperature for 7 week.One group served as controls housed at room temperature (RTCNT), and the other group had access to SO (RTSO). A...

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“…High-fat diet feeding is beneficial to animals exposed to cold [5,15,18]. We examined the SO intake of rats exposed to cold in a free-feeding condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Preference for Safflower Oil in Rats Exposed to a Cold Environment under Free-Feeding Conditions

Saitoh

Ishii

Takewaki

et al. 2005

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Cross adaption between stress and cold in rats

et al. 1984

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Three-hour immobilization stress was imposed on male adult rats of Wistar strain by restraining them on a board 6 days a week for 1-8 weeks. The stressed rats showed less body weight gain during the experiment compared to the controls. These stressed animals manifested an improved cold tolerance as shown by no significant fall in colonic temperature in the cold at -5 degrees C for 300 min during the experimental period, while the colonic temperature of the controls fell progressively. Nonshivering thermogenesis as assessed by noradrenaline-induced increase in oxygen consumption was significantly potentiated in the stressed rats. The weight and protein content of the intercapsular brown adipose tissue (BAT) increased and BAT mitochondria were more packed in the stressed rats. Plasma insulin, insulin/glucagon molar ratio and thyroxine levels were lowered in the stressed rats, while the plasma triiodothyronine level remained unchanged. Removal of interscapular BAT led to a loss of improved cold tolerance and a significant reduction of nonshivering thermogenesis in the stressed rats. These results indicate that repetitive stress may induce cross adaptation between stress and cold through an enhanced capacity of nonshivering thermogenesis mediated, at least in part, via stimulation of BAT function.

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