“…Some of the existing hybrid heuristic optimization based approaches used for searching near optimal solution for TSPS outside those aforementioned in the previous section include: a hybrid of genetic algorithm particle swarm optimization ant colony optimization (GA-PSO-ACO) (Deng et al, 2012), adaptive simulated annealing algorithm with greedy search (ASA-GA) (Geng et al, 2011), multi-agent simulated annealing algorithm with instance-based sampling (MSA-IBS) (Wang et al, 2015), list-based simulated annealing (LBSA) (Zhan et al, 2016), invasive weed colony optimization (IWO) (Zhou et al, 2015), mosquito host-seeking algorithm (MHSA) (Feng et al, 2009), an improved discrete bat (IBA) algorithm (Osaba et al, 2016), Discrete Cuckoo Search (DCS) algorithm (Ouaarab et al, 2014), genetic simulated annealing ant colony system with particle swarm optimization (Chen and Chien, 2011) and the symbiotic organisms search (SOS) algorithm (Yu et al, 2016;Eki et al, 2015). These algorithms are problem independent and have strong global search capability, while the hybrid features allows them to easily escape from falling into local optimum.…”