Improved adherence and spreading of Saos-2 cells on polypropylene surfaces achieved by surface texturing and carbon nitride coating

Abstract

The adhesion and contact guidance of human primary osteogenic sarcoma cells (Saos-2) were characterized on smooth, microstructured (MST) and micro- and nano-structured (MNST) polypropylene (PP) and on the same samples with a silicon-doped carbon nitride (C(3)N(4)-Si) coating. Injection molding was used to pattern the PP surfaces and the coating was obtained by using ultra-short pulsed laser deposition (USPLD). Surfaces were characterized using atomic force microscopy and surface energy components were calculated according to the Owens-Wendt model. The results showed C(3)N(4)-Si coated surfaces to be significantly more hydrophilic than uncoated ones. In addition, there were 86% more cells in the smooth C(3)N(4)-Si coated PP compared to smooth uncoated PP and 551%/476% more cells with MST/MNST C(3)N(4)-Si coated PP than could be obtained with MST/MNST uncoated PP. Thus the adhesion, spreading and contact guidance of osteoblast-like cells was effectively improved by combining surface texturing and deposition of osteocompatible C(3)N(4)-Si coating.

Graphitic carbon nitride and polymers: a mutual combination for advanced properties

“…165 Myllymaa and coworkers deposited Si-doped CN (CN-Si) on poly(propylene) (PP) disc samples via pulsed laser deposition. 166 The coating of CN-Si can significantly convert the PP surface from being hydrophobic to hydrophilic, leading to enhanced adherence of Saos-cells on PP. Hu and coworkers reported a mix of PP-grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) with g-C 3 N 4 by refluxing the mixture for 4 hours in xylene.…”

Laser Surface Texturing of Polymers for Biomedical Applications

“…Several techniques were studied to increase the low interface energy, such as the deposition of coatings [93], plasma treatment [94,95], graft polymerization [96], and injection molding [97]. Nevertheless, a precise control in the process, and subsequent surface modification remained as a major challenge.…”

Graphite-like carbon nitride and functionalized layered double hydroxide filled polypropylene-grafted maleic anhydride nanocomposites: Comparison in flame retardancy, and thermal, mechanical and UV-shielding properties

“…Yan et al [36] revealed that geC 3 N 4 epoly(3-hexylthiophene) composites enhanced the hydrogen generation from water under visible light. Myllymaa et al [37] demonstrated that surface hydrophilicity of PP was improved by the addition of silicon-doped carbon nitride coatings. Our previous work reported that sodium alginate/g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite films exhibited a remarkable increase of 118.2 C in the half thermal degradation temperature while their mechanical properties were enhanced by 103% at 6.0 wt % loadings [38].…”