Imported<i>Leptospira licerasiae</i>Infection in Traveler Returning to Japan from Brazil

Tsuboi, Motoyuki; Koizumi, Nobuo; Hayakawa, Kayoko; Kanagawa, Shuzo; Ohmagari, Norio; Kato, Yasuyuki

doi:10.3201/eid2303.161262

Cited by 18 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Recent work suggests that some Leptospira within the "Pathogens" subclade have very low virulence towards mammals [14]. Oppositely, an increasing number of human leptospirosis cases have been reported as caused by Leptospira from the "Intermediate" subclade [46]. Together with comparative genomics data, this recently led to rename these subclades P1 and P2, with poor correlation to virulence in mammals [47].…”

Section: Methods Used For the Detection Or Isolation Of Leptospira Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Environmental survival capacities depend on the species and strains [44]. Despite their increased recognition in human infections, little is known on the epidemiology of Leptospira from the P2 subclade [46]. Within the P1 subclade, the paradigm L. interrogans has been the model species to describe the wellknown One Health epidemiology.…”

Section: Leptospira In Water Environments 331 Occurrence Of Leptospmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of Leptospira in water and soil environments

Bierque¹,

Thibeaux²,

Girault³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

143

151

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Background Leptospirosis, caused by pathogenic Leptospira, is a zoonosis of global distribution. This infectious disease is mainly transmitted by indirect exposure to urine of asymptomatic animals via the environment. As human cases generally occur after heavy rain, an emerging hypothesis suggests that rainfall re-suspend leptospires together with soil particles. Bacteria are then carried to surface water, where humans get exposed. It is currently assumed that pathogenic leptospires can survive in the environment but do not multiply. However, little is known on their capacity to survive in a soil and freshwater environment. Methods We conducted a systematic review on Leptospira and leptospirosis in the environment in order to collect current knowledge on the lifestyle of Leptospira in soil and water. In total, 86 scientific articles retrieved from online databases or institutional libraries were included in this study. Principals findings/significance This work identified evidence of survival of Leptospira in the environment but major gaps remain about the survival of virulent species associated with human and animal diseases. Studies providing quantitative data on Leptospira in soil and water are a very recent trend, but must be interpreted with caution because of the uncertainty in the species identification. Several studies mentioned the presence of Leptospira in soils more frequently than in waters, supporting the hypothesis of the soil habitat and dispersion of Leptospira with resuspended soil particles during heavy rain. In a near future, the growing use of high throughput sequencing will offer new opportunities to improve our understanding of the habitat of Leptospira in the environment. This better insight into the risk of leptospirosis will allow implementing efficient control measures and prevention for the human and animal populations exposed.

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Section: Methods Used For the Detection Or Isolation Of Leptospira Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Leptospira In Water Environments 331 Occurrence Of Leptospmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of Leptospira in water and soil environments

Bierque¹,

Thibeaux²,

Girault³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

143

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Pure culture results were arduous to obtain and the majority of the culture showed a mixture of bacterium morphology. This con- (Matthias, Ricaldi, Cespedes, Diaz, & Galloway, 2008;Tsuboi et al, 2017). L. licerasiae shared some homologous gene with L. biflexa (saprophytic) and L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni, also Lai (pathogenic), but its phylogenetic relationship is closer to pathogenic one .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…This bacterium is belonging to intermediate pathogenic Leptospira . It could infect humans and animals, cause various clinical manifestation and leptospirosis (Matthias, Ricaldi, Cespedes, Diaz, & Galloway, ; Tsuboi et al, ). L. licerasiae shared some homologous gene with L. biflexa (saprophytic) and L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni, also Lai (pathogenic), but its phylogenetic relationship is closer to pathogenic one (Ricaldi et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospira detection in flood‐prone environment of Jakarta, Indonesia

Widiyanti

Djannatun

Astuti

et al. 2019

Zoonoses and Public Health

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The study about Leptospira, particularly pathogenic strain, was conducted in the flood‐prone area in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. The aim of this study was to discover and identify the serovars of pathogenic Leptospira in the environment, which might infect human during flooding. Seventy‐three samples, consisted of 36 samples of environmental water and 37 samples of soil, were collected from 5 districts of Jakarta. Their pH was measured, and the samples were then cultured in a modified Korthof's medium with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) addition. Polymerase chain reaction, targeted on 23S rDNA (rrl), FlaB and LipL32 genes, was performed to identify Leptospira genus and differentiate the pathogenic. Identification of the pathogenic Leptospira was done utilising DNA sequencing. Seven samples showed amplification of rrl‐gene. flaB and lipl32‐PCR assay indicated one positive amplification band, each. Confirmation of flaB and lipl32 amplicons by DNA sequencing and BLAST analysis showed flaB amplicon (G1B; GenBank accession number ) had 94% similarity with L. licerasiae (), while lipl32 amplicon was not identified as lipl32 of Leptospira. Based on those results, one intermediate pathogenic and six saprophytic Leptospira were obtained from the environment in Jakarta.

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“…Indeed, some of the species from the "intermediate" or pathogenic Leptospira spp. group II clade have been increasingly found in febrile cases in humans (Levett et al, 2006;Chiriboga et al, 2015;Tsuboi et al, 2017;Puche et al, 2018) and causing disease in different animal species (Zakeri et al, 2010;Romero-Vivas et al, 2013). Hence, these reports highlight the relevance of studying this group of Leptospira spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%