Importance of the Support Properties for Immobilization or Purification of Enzymes

Abstract

Immobilization and purification of enzymes are usual requirements for their industrial use. Both purification and immobilization have a common factor: they use a solid activated support. Using a support for enzyme purification means having mild conditions for enzyme release and a selective enzyme–support interaction is interesting. When using a support for immobilization, however, enzyme desorption is a problem. The improvement of enzyme features through immobilization is a usual objective (e.g., stability, selectivity). Thus, a support designed for enzyme purification and a support designed for enzyme immobilization may differ significantly. In this review, we will focus our attention on the requirements of a support surface to produce the desired objectives. The ideal physical properties of the matrix, the properties of the introduced reactive groups, the best surface activation degree to reach the desired objective, and the properties of the reactive groups will be discussed.

The Influence of Organic Medium and Supports in the Resolution of (R,S)-Menthol Catalyzed by Lipases

“…However, the use of the immobilized lipase offers some aspects of greater interest, that is, it protects the biocatalyst from the reaction medium, maintains the enzyme activity and allows the reuse of the system. 7,8,11,13 Wang et al 30 performed the resolution of (R,S)-menthol using various lipases, acyls donors and supports for immobilization. The results showed that when the reaction was carried out using valeric acid as a donor acyl and lipase from Candida rugosa immobilized in DEAR-Sephadex A-25 as catalyst, the conversion, ee p and E% values were of 44, 95 and 87%, respectively.…”

“…Basically, the methods of immobilization may be divided into four types, namely adsorption on a solid support, entrapment, encapsulation and crosslinking. [9][10][11][12][13] Natural polymers, such as starch, cellulose, agarose and gelatin, have been used in the preparation of supports for the immobilization of enzymes. These are an attractive alternative from an economic point of view and they can be obtained from renewable sources and are biodegradable, making them more environmentally acceptable.…”

Methacrylated Chitosan Based UV Curable Support for Enzyme Immobilization

“…Immobilization is localization of enzyme molecules in/on a solid support for continuous catalytic process and it is an effective method to improve almost all the enzyme properties, if properly designed 5,6 . The support is one of the major component of an immobilized enzyme system [7] . The characteristics of the support are of paramount importance in determining the performance of the immobilized enzyme system 7,8 .…”

“…The support is one of the major component of an immobilized enzyme system [7] . The characteristics of the support are of paramount importance in determining the performance of the immobilized enzyme system 7,8 . An ideal support require some properties like high mechanical stability, hydrophobicity, biocompatibility, inertness toward enzymes, resistance to bacterial attacks and availability at low cost are the important 9,10 .…”

“…An ideal support require some properties like high mechanical stability, hydrophobicity, biocompatibility, inertness toward enzymes, resistance to bacterial attacks and availability at low cost are the important 9,10 . There are three main categories of support material as lipophilic synthetic organic polymers such as polystyrene and polyacrylamide, hydrophilic biopolymer based on natural polysaccharides such as cellulose and dextran, and an inorganic solid such as glass and iron oxide 7,[11][12][13][14] . In spite of the many advantages of inorganic carriers (e.g., high stability against physical, chemical, and microbial degradation), most of the applications are performed with organic matrices.…”