Importance of the Roughness and Residual Stresses of Dental Implants on Fatigue and Osseointegration Behavior. In Vivo Study in Rabbits

Abstract

This study focuses on the fatigue behavior and bone-implant attachment for the more usual surfaces of the different CP-titanium dental implants. The implants studied were: as-received (CTR), acid etching (AE), spark-anodization (SA), and with a grit-blasted surface (GB). Residual stresses were determined by means of X-ray diffraction. The fatigue tests were carried out at 37°C on 160 dental implants, and the stress-failure (S-N) curve was determined. The fatigue tests showed that the grit-blasting process improved fatigue life. This is a consequence of the layer of compressive residual stresses that the treatment generates in titanium surfaces. Further, our aim was to assess and compare the short- and midterm bone regenerative potential and mechanical retention of the implants in bone of New Zealand rabbits. The mechanical retention after 4 and 10 weeks of implantation was evaluated with histometric and pull-out tests, respectively, as a measure of the osseointegration of the implants. The results demonstrated that the GB treatment produced microrough that accelerated bone tissue regeneration and increased mechanical retention in the bone bed at short periods of implantation in comparison with all other implants tested. The GB surface produced an improvement in mechanical long-time behavior and improved bone growth. These types of treated implants can have great potential in clinical applications, as evidenced by the outcomes of the current study.

In Vitro Bioactivity and Biocompatibility of Bio-Inspired Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Surfaces Modified by Combined Laser Micro/Nano Structuring

“…In this work, the anisotropic distribution of osteoblastic cell orientations could be an advantage for different biological applications, for example, a higher mechanical strength along the direction of nano-ripples on the implant surface. The mechanical properties play a key role in the long-term performance of the implants [37]. Because the depth of composite micro/nano-structures is less than 20 µm, the entire mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V samples changed a little.…”

Current trends of the choice and processing of materials for dental implantation

“…Модификация поверхности имплантатов важна для улучшения их остеоинтеграции [3,12,41,43,45,48,50,51].…”

“…Для оценки коротко-и среднесрочного взаимодействия с тканями (регенераторный потенциал и механическое удержание) имплантаты были внедрены в кости новозеландских кроликов. Через 4 и 10 нед изделия с пескоструйной модификацией поверхности вследствие микрошероховатостей ускоряли регенерацию костной ткани и максимально прочно фиксировались в кости, чем прочие имплантаты [50].…”

Análise das características físico-químicas de dois tratamentos de superfície em mini-implantes dentais

“…[7][8][9] Demonstrou-se experimentalmente que a rugosidade em escala micrométrica, promovida por procedimentos de jateamento de areia, ataque ácido, oxidação anódica e modificação com laser melhora e acelera a osseointegração, uma vez que aumenta a área de superfície e promove maior adesão de fibras colágenas, resultando em mais locais de ligação celular e crescimento tecidual. [10][11] No entanto, a modificação da superfície também pode alterar o desempenho mecânico dos implantes, diminuindo a integridade estrutural e reduzindo significativamente a resistência à fadiga. [12][13] Te n d ê n c i a s a t u a i s d e m o n s t r a m q u e caracter ísticas super f iciais em nanoescala apresentam potencial para favorecer respostas osteocondutividade.…”